LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 
Shelf ■$:&&. 



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



[OIKEOPpiC VETEpAfjY 



hjljs^d-soojs:, 



For the Farmer^ Stockman and 
Horse Owner. 



Giving in plain, practical terms, description, 
symptoms and remedies for all diseases . 
of the Horse, Ox, Sheep, 
Swine and Dog. 

J- 






By J. W. Johnson, V. S. 

tt 

Veterinary practitioner of twenty-four years' 
experience; Editor Veterinary Department of 
Ohio Farmer, Cleveland, 0. , and Practical 



Farmer, Philadelphia, Pa, 



Mo. J(eO£fM : 



1879. 



Cleveland, Ohio: 

PUBLISHED BY THE OHIO FARMER CO., 

345 and 347 Superior St. 

1879. 

ft 



Entered according to act of Congress in the year 1879 by 

The Farmer Company, 

in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washiugton, D. C. 



**?« 

$* 



INTRODUCTION. 



The blessings of Homoeopathy are no longer the exclusive 
property of man ; the irrational brute has become the par- 
taker of this greatest gift of God to his creatures. All 
curable diseases of our domestic animals yield to the action 
of Homoeopathic agents as readily as the diseases of man. 
A number of works have been published during the last 
twenty years on the subject of Veterinary Homoeopathy. 
In the description of the diseases, which will be found 
arrayed in alphabetical order, all unnecessary and learned 
technicalities have been avoided ; and the symptoms, for 
which particular medicines are recommended, are indicated 
with great clearness and completeness, although all trifling 
indications, which merely serve to complicate the difficulty 
of selecting a suitable remedial agent, have been omitted. 
For the convenience of the reader, the dose of the medicine 
which is the most appropriate in the various diseases 
described in this work, has been mentioned whenever it 
seemed necessary and feasible. In order to render it as 
complete as possible, a good many interesting and highly 
useful additions from Guenther, Moor, Haycock, Schafer, 
Williams, and other writers on veterinary surgery and med- 
icine, have been incorporated into this work. A practical 
experience of twenty years in treatment of diseases gives 
the author confidence in issuing this book. 



6 INTRODUCTION. 

TREATMENT OF SICK ANIMALS. 

As soon as an animal is discovered to be unwell, let it be 
immediately placed in a house by itself. This is necessary, 
both for the welfare of the sick animal and for the safety of 
the others. In acute diseases, no food whatever ought to 
be given until improvement has taken place, and even then 
only in a sparing manner. The articles of diet most suitable 
are bran, oats, hay, carrots, and green food — either grass or 
clover. Cold soft water may be given to drink, of which a 
small quantity may be constantly kept within reach of the 
animal, and renewed several times a day. If the animal 
allows food to remain by it several hours without eating it, 
it ought to be removed and a little fresh food put in its 
place. It is necessary in all diseases, whether acute or 
chronic, to keep the animal without food or water half an 
hour before and after administering medicine. 

HOW TO ADMINISTER MEDICINE. 

Make up the appropriate remedy in a bottle of 4, 6, 8 or 16 
ounces, in the following manner : Aconite tincture, one 
dram ; put into a pint bottle, then fill with soft water ; 
thoroughly mix ; get a long pipe, rubber syringe containing 
half an ounce ; by this method you can estimate the amount 
of medicine given, and can administer it without irritation 
to the animal, by placing the pipe of syringe upon the 
tongue, and discharging its contents. All medicine in pow- 
der form should be placed upon the tongue, or fed in a very 
small quantity of food, a handful of bran. Repetition of 
the dose : In acute diseases, it is necessary to repeat the 
dose every 5, 10, 15, or 20 minutes. In less acute diseases, 
every 2, 4, 6 or 8 hours. In chronic diseases, once in 24 
hours is sufficient. 



DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 



GENERAL DISEASES, INCLUDING SKIN DISEASES. 

Exanthemes, or skin diseases. All diseases 
of the skin depend upon an internal diseased 
state, and to attempt to cure them by external 
application alone, is like trying to kill a tree by 
cutting off its branches, and leaving the trunk 
and roots. For a time the tree will appear to 
be dead, but it will soon shoot out fresh branch- 
es, and become as luxuriant as ever. It is just 
the same with skin diseases. You may, by 
external application, make the disease disappear 
from the skin, but it will soon show itself again 
in a worse form than before. The principal 
skin diseases are, first : 

THE MANGE, 

Which consists of an eruption that comes out 
on different parts of the body, and causes the 
animal to rub himself, sometimes to such an 



10 DISEASES 

extent that he gets no rest either night or 
At the beginning of the disease there is little or 
nothing to be seen, only that the animal rubs 
himself ; but after a time numerous small 
pimples appear, out of which a watery fluid 
oozes, and on exposure to the air dries and 
forms a scab, on which the hair stands erect. 
If the disease is allowed to go on unmolested, 
ulcers are frequently produced, which destroy 
the roots of the hair, and are very difficult to 
cure. 

Treatment. — The principal remedy is Kali sulph., 3d 
trituration ; make up thirty powders, 10 grains in each, 
and give one three times a day. 

Rhus toxicodendron, 2d dilution ; give one-half dram 
three times a day, if there are hard, elevated patches or 
scabs, that do not fall off of themselves, and if taken off 
others form in their places. 



MALLEXDERS AXD SALLEKDERS, 

Are scurvy complaints, occuring at the fore 
part of the hock or back of the knee, accom- 
panied with itching and an oozing discharge. 

Treatment. — Thuja, 1st dilution ; ten drops at dose, 
three times a day, on the food. Thuja lotion applied exter- 
nally night and morning, made in the following manner : 
Thuja tincture, 1 oz.; water, 1 pint; mix. If not cured in 
thirty days, give Kali sulph., 3d trituration ; one powder of 
10 grains three times a day for thirty days. 



OP THE HORSE. 11 

FARCY. 

Consists in a collection of watery fluid in the 
cellular tissue, under the skin. Some horses 
are more subject to it than others. It more 
frequently attacks the hind legs than the fore 
ones. It generally comes on suddenly,, some- 
times in a few hours, especially in horses that 
are subject to attacks. One or both hind legs 
are found to be much enlarged, hot and pain- 
ful ; the animal can scarcely bear to have them 
touched. If the finger is pressed upon the 
part, the impression is left. Sometimes there 
is an unnatural coldness about the parts affect- 
ed. This form of the disease is generally with- 
out pain, as the animal can bear to have the 
limb handled and pressed upon without evinc- 
ing the least uneasiness. 

Treatment. — Aconite, 1st ; 10 drops at dose every half 
hour ; alternated with Rhus 1st, 10 drops at dose, if accom- 
panied with fever, in which case the swelling is hot and 
painful, the animal refuses to eat, is restless, and moves 
about from place to place ; continue the above until im- 
provement sets in, and then give a dose night and morning. 
Externally, foment with hot water, and when dry apply the 
following lotion : Aconite tincture, 1 oz. ; Rhus tincture, 1 
oz. ; diluted alcohol, 1 pint ; mix. Apply three times a day. 
Exercise is indispensable every day. 



12 DISEASES 

Arsenicum 1st, China 1st ; alternately, 10 drops at dose 
every 3, 6 and 12 hours, if the swelling is cold. If pimples 
occur upon the body, give Kali sulph. 3d. 



GREASE. 



The principal seat of this disease is in the 
lower part of the hind legs ; it is, however, at 
times met with in the fore legs. There appears 
to be in some horses an hereditary tendency to 
Grease ; in others, it is brought on by improper 
food. Horses that eat large quantities of corn 
are frequently troubled with it. It sometimes 
makes its appearance in the form of a swelling, 
which lessens by exercise, but always reappears 
after standing sometime in the stable. At 
other times it is first observed by a scurfy erup- 
tion at the heels ; after a time the skin cracks 
and discharges at first a thin, clear fluid, but it 
soon becomes thick and frothv ; after a time, if 
the disease is allowed to go on unmolested, 
small, red, flat-headed elevations make their 
appearance, which gradually increase in size till 
they become as big as the end of one's finger, 
and hang like clusters of grapes, of a reddish 
blue or black color, and bleed from the least 
touch, and emit a most loathsome smell, 



OF THE HORSE. 13 

Treatment. — Carbolic acid cryst. , 20 grs. ; Thuja tincture, 
one dram ; diluted alcohol, 8 oz. ; mix. Give one dram at 
dose, three times a day, upon the tongue, until used ; then 
give Kali sulph., 3d trituration, one-half dram at dose, three 
times a day for thirty days. Externally apply the following : 
Thuja tinct., 8 oz.; Carbolic acid cryst., 1 dram; mix. 
Moisten the parts night and morning, and occasionally wash 
them in warm water and castile soap. This is excellent if 
there are bluish or brownish excrescences, which bleed on 
the least touch, and there is a discharge of foetid ichor. 

Fowler's solution and Nux Vomica are valuable remedies 
to administer when the stomach is disordered, and the gen- 
eral health of the animal inaiiferent. Give 10 drcps of 
Fowler's solution, and 10 drops of Nux Vomica tincture, 
night and morning, alternately, in a little water, before 
feeding. 

Glycerine, 8 oz.; Thuja tincture, 4 oz.; Carbolic acid 
cryst., 3 drams ; mix. This is an excellent remedy for 
external use in most cases. 

Rhus tox, internally and externally, as recommended in 
Farcy, if the extremities remain hot, and stiff in their move- 
ments. 



WARTS. 



These excrescences frequently appear around 
the lips and eyes. They vary in form and size, 
and are often caused by external means, as by 
the bit, etc., but they mostly depend on an in- 
ternal cause. They are either hard and dry, 
or moist, soften and ulcerate ; at times they 



14 DISEASES 

appear in clusters, having the appearance of 
grapes : others spread out at the top and bleed 
easily. 

Treatment. — Thuja tincture is the principal remedy in 
this disease, and may be used both internally and externally. 
Give 10 drops of 1st dilution three times a day. Externally, 
apply the tincture by simply moistening the warts night and 
morning. 



FOUNDER. 

In the acute stage it is ushered in with the 
usual febrile symptoms, common to most dis- 
eases, such as shivering ; succeeded by sweating, 
heaving of the flanks, quick, full pulse, short 
and quick respiration, indications of pain, 
which, moreover, is manifested by great rest- 
lessness, lifting the feet alternately, lying down 
and getting up frequently. If we attempt to 
move the animal we shall have much difficultv 
in succeeding, for he seems rooted to one place, 
with his hind legs under his body, his back 
arched, and, in stable vocabulary, "all in a 
heap ;" and when we attempt to take up one 
of the feet, or one opposite to the one most in- 
flamed, he crouches down nearly to the ground, 
and sometimes falls. When down, he stretches 



OF THE HOUSE. 15 

himself out at full length, occasionally raising 
his head and regarding his poor foot with a 
most dolorous expression, and groans with pain. 
The coronet and foot are much hotter than 
usual, and percussion gives pain. 

Treatment. — Aconite tincture and Arnica tincture, of 
each one-half oz. ; diluted alcohol, one pint; mixed. Give 
one-half oz. at dose, every three hours until used. Exter- 
nally, apply Aconite tincture and Rhus tincture, 2 oz. of 
each ; diluted alcohol, 1 pint ; mix : apply around the top 
of the hoof. Moisten the parts every three hours. In nine 
cases out of ten the animal will be all right on the fourth 
day. If diarrhoea should set in, caused from overfeed, give 
Fowler's solution, 10 drops, three times a day, in a little 
water to drink. If constipated, give Belladona 2d, and Nux 
2d dilutions ; 1 dram at dose, alternately, every three hours. 
If the animal appears rigid in its movement after ten days 
treatment, give Rhus 2d dilution, 1 dram at dose, three 
times a day. 



RHEUMATISM. 

Is characterized by the following symptoms : 
An animal that has hitherto been quite well, is 
observed to be taken suddenly lame, in one or 
more legs ; sometimes the lameness shifts from 
one leg to another. In some cases the animal 
appears worse in a state of rest, at other times 
motion augments the lameness and pain. 



16 DISEASES 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st, and Rhus tox. 1st ; 10 drops 
at dose every three hours, alternately, when the animal ap- 
pears worse in a state of rest, stiffness, which goes off by 
motion, swelling of the joints, tenderness of the tendons 
and muscles. 

Bryonia 2d, 10 drops at dose every three hours ; when the 
disease is worse from motion, the animal appears reluctant 
to move, and stands with the legs drawn together. 

Hot fomentation of Arnica and Chamomilla flowers, one- 
quarter pound of each ; 2 gallons of boiling water ; mix. 
Allow them to steep twenty minutes, and then apply exter- 
nally from head to foot, over the whole body, and cover up 
with blankets until dry ; repeat once every day for three 
days. 



ABSCESS, POLL -EVIL, FISTULA. 

These diseases are principally caused by in- 
juries produced from a blow, concussion, etc. 
An abscess in the foot would be called a 
quittor ; upon the head, a poll-evil ; upon the 
withers, a fistula. The course of treatment is 
one and the same. 

Treatment. — Aconite and Rhus tox. tincture, 1 oz. of 
each ; diluted alcohol, 1 pint ; mix. Apply externally upon 
the parts affected, frequently ; keep the parts thoroughly 
moistened until the inflammation has been overcome and 
cured. If it points and is evidently forming into an abscess, 
open it thoroughly and give free egress to the suppuration. 
Then inject Merc, corrosive sub. liniment, made in the fol- 
lowing manner : Spts. turpentine, 2 oz.: strong tincture of 



0£ TtfE SOftSE. 17 

camphor, 2 oz.; Merc, corrosive sub., 40 grs.; mix. Inject 
into the bottom of the abscess. A few applications will de- 
stroy it. Then apply Iodine ointment, to heal up the sore, 
made in the following manner : Petro cerate, 2 oz. ; Iodine 
cryst., 10 grs:; Carbolic acid cryst. 5 grs. ; mix. Apply it into 
the abscess once a day, until healed. Aconite 1st, Arnica 
1st, should be given alternately, every three hours, 10 drops 
at dose, until inflammation has subsided. 



INDIGESTION, HIDE - BOUND. 

Indigestion is derangement of the process by 
which the food is naturally digested ; it is dis- 
order rather than structural disease of the stom- 
ach ; and probably also, though in a less marked 
degree, of the liver, intestinal glands, etc. It 
arises from giving indigestible food ; allowing 
too much food after giving too little ; eating too 
much at too long intervals ; imperfect chewing, 
either from diseases or irregularities of the 
teeth ; or from greed ; or severe work after a 
meal. The tongue is foul and coated, the 
mouth slimy ; the dung dry and mixed with 
undigested oats, or hard, glazed and offensive ; 
the urine scanty and thick. The appetite is 
unnatural or capricious ; sometimes the horse 
eats very greedily ; at another he eats very little, 
or takes one food and leaves others ; or he pre- 



18 DISEASES 

fers dirty straw to the best oats and hay ; or he 
licks the walls and swallows the plaster from 
them. He soon gets out of condition, loses flesh 
and does not thrive, and his skin looks hide- 
bound. He sweats easily, and does not work 
as well as formerly, being weak and spiritless. 
Very often he has a short, hacking, irritating 
cough. It is evident from his manner that he 
sometimes suffers from smart, colicky pains. 

Treatment.— Nux Vomica 1st trituration, and Ferrum 
phos. 3d, for depraved, fastidious, changeable appetite ; con- 
fined bowels ; dung hard, lumpy, and glazed on the surface 
with mucus ; tongue furred and slimy. Give 10 grs. at 
dose, alternately, three times a day for two weeks. 

Fowler's solution is a most valuable remedy when the 
horse is weak and unthrifty, eats little or nothing, coughs 
frequently after eating or drinking. Give 10 drops at dose, 
three times a day. 



THKUSH. 



This disease is of frequent occurrence, when 
proper care is not taken as regards cleanliness, 
by allowing the horse to be continually stand- 
ing on moist litter or his dung, whereby the frog 
becomes soft, tender, and there is a foetid pus 
and matter from the cleft of the frog. For the 
cure of this disease, cleanliness is requisite, and 



OF THE HOKSE. 19 

to place the animal upon a dry or sandy bottom. 

Treatment. — Phosphoric acid, 1st dilution, 1 dram at 
dose at night ; Kali sulph. 3d trituration, one powder of one 
dram at dose, in his food, in the morning, continue for thirty- 
days. Externally, apply the following : Nitrate cuprum, 2 
oz. ; vinegar, 1 pint ; mix. Saturate the parts affected three 
times a day, until thoroughly cured ; then apply Dr. John- 
son's Hoof Ointment, and grow out a new frog and hoof. 



INJURIES, <&c. 



WOUNDS. 



Experience has taught me that calendula is 
the best remedy for severe wounds, especially if 
they are what is called clean cut. If the wound 
is a gaping one, and the parts will admit of it, 
and it can be done directly, it is best to sew it 
up, either with white thread or silk, tying each 
stitch by itself, and cutting the thread off ; by 
so doing, if one stitch breaks the rest may not. 
Tincture of calendula should be used freely 
before sewing it up. A majority of wounds are 
caused by one horse kicking another, or in run- 
aways ; in either case the wound would be 
severely bruised. 

Treatment. — Aconite tincture and Arnica, 2 oz. of each ; 
water, 1 pint ; mix. Applied to, and in, the wound fre- 
quently during the first twenty-four hours ; it will overcome 
local inflammation. Give one-half dram of same upon 
the tongue of the animal, every three hours for 11 doses, 
and^then a dose night and morning until cured. If supura- 
tion takes place, apply turpentine and linseed oil — equal 



DISEASES OF THE HOKSE. 21 

parts, mix — in the wound once a day. It is a general prac- 
tice for the old school to sew up wounds and apply astrin- 
gents. In the last ten years I have sewn up only two 
wounds, and have treated hundreds. The above treatment 
you will find a success, allowing them open to the atmos- 
phere. 



STRAINS, BONE INJURY. 

For all bad effects arising from straining the 
muscles, use Rhus tox., both externally and in- 
ternally. Absolute rest is highly essential in 
cases of this sort. If the bone should be in- 
jured, use Symphytum, externally and inter- 
nally, in the same way. Dilute the tinctures, 
1 oz. to 16 of water, and give 10 drops at dose 
every 3, 6 or 12 hours. 



NAIL IN THE FOOT. 

This character of a wound should receive 
prompt attention, as more horses die of lock- 
jaw from its effects than any other. First re- 
move the nail and open up the orifice or hole 
made by the nail until it bleeds, and fill it full 
of turpentine ; use freely and frequently, and 
then turpentine and oil, mix. It is essential 



22 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 

that the animal should have Aconite and Arni- 
ca, internally, every three or six hours, for three 
days at least ; give 10 drops of the 1st dilution 
of each at a dose. 



DISEASES OF THE EYES, BRAIN, &C. 



ACUTE OPHTHALMIA. 

This disease, which is exclusively confined to 
the horse species — unlike simple conjunctiva — 
consists not merely of inflammation of the 
superficial membrane covering of the eye, but 
of inflammation of the entire eye-ball, of all the 
structures enclosed within the globe. It is 
called periodic, from its relapsing or recurrent 
character ; specific, from its presumed depend- 
ence upon some special constitutional cause, of 
which no one knows anything ; and Moon 
Blindness, from its frequently occurring at the 
time of the moon's changes. None of these 
names correctly express what the disease really 
is. 

Treatment. — This is a most provoking disease to treat, 
for when a case is to all appearances doing well, a relapse 
takes place, and matters are as bad as ever, or even worse. 
Aconite tincture and Arnica tincture, equal parts, mix, 
one-half ounce ; water, 1 pint, mix ; Euphrasia tincture, 
one-half oz.; water, 1 pint; mix. Bathe the eyes night 
and morning, alternately, and give one dram at dose of the 



24 DISEASES 

remedy used for bathing, at the same time ; give upon the 
tongue. 

Canabis sat. tincture ; use as Euphrasia, for dimness of 
the cornea, white specks, contraction of the pupils, red 
streaks on the surface of the eye. 

Pulsatilla is unsafe if the pupils are dilated and contract- 
ed alternately, and the edges of the lids are red, and a thick 
yellow matter escapes from the corners of the eyes. Used 
the same as Euphrasia. 

Silicea, 3d trituration, if the eyes are spasmodically drawn 
together, or ulcers on the inside corner of the e} 7 e, redness 
of the white part. Blow the- powder in the eye, and give 10 
grs. at dose, upon the tongue, three times a day. 



MEGBIMS. 

This disease is caused by an undue pressure 
of blood upon the brain, which may be caused 
by violent exercise when the horses are fat and 
full of blood. The symptoms are sudden stop- 
ping, shaking the head, staggering, turning 
round, falling down and lying motionless, ap- 
parently dead ; and after some minutes con- 
sciousness returns, the animal gets up -and pro- 
ceeds on its journey as if nothing had happened. 
Horses that are subject to megrims are mostly 
dull and sluggish for several hours previous to 
and after an attack. 



OF THE HOKSE. 25 

Treatment. — Nux Vomica 1st, and Arnica 1st dilutions ; 
one-half dram at dose every three hours, for an acute attack. 

Hyoscyamus niger, 2d dilution ; Ferrum phos., 3d tritu- 
ration ; one-half dram at dose, alternately, night and morn- 
ing, for 30 days ; give on the food. 



IJS T FLAMMATIOM OF THE BBAIN. 

This somewhat rare disease is generally met 
with in hot weather. Horses in high condition, 
after being exposed to the rays of the sun for a 
considerable time, are the ones usually attacked 
with it, but it is sometimes produced by a blow 
on the head. The first symptoms of this dis- 
ease are noticed by the animal having a dull, 
heavy appearance ; he stands with his head 
down, and it is with difficulty that he is made 
to move ; after a day or two his breathing be- 
comes accelerated, with violent trembling of the 
whole body ; he stares wildly about, he throws 
up his head, rears upon his hind legs, dashes 
furiously and unconsciously about, plunges 
headlong on the ground, springs up again, 
gnashes his teeth, strikes at anything that hap- 
pens to be in his way. After a time he becomes 
calm and stands motionless, or walks slowly 
around. 



26 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 

Treatment. — Ferrum phos.,3d; Nux Vomica, 2d tritu- 
rations ; equal parts ; give him one dram every hour until 
relieved. 

Veratrum Veride, 1st dilution, if the legs and ears are icy 
cold, with convulsive trembling of the whole body, or when 
there is a reeling, staggering motion, and the animal plunges 
violently and falls down head foremost ; give 20 drops a 
dose, every hour. 



DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY ORGANS, &C. 



CATARRAH, OR COMMON COLD. 

This is a complaint of frequent occurrence, 
produced by a variety of causes, such as stand- 
ing in the cold after being heated, exposure to 
wet, sudden changes in the atmosphere, &c. 

Treatment. — Aconite, 1st dilution, 10 to 20 drops at 
dose, every 10, 15 or 20 minutes until improved ; will be 
useful in the beginning of the disease if there is fever and 
heat of the body, restlessness, short, hurried breathing, 
violent thirst, urine fiery red, and the discharge from the 
nose is impeded, mouth hot and dry, and tongue parched. 

Ferrum phos. 3d trituration, a powder of 10 grs. at dose, 
administered upon the tongue every hour ; is an excellent 
remedy indicated under the following symptoms : the month 
and tongue moist, eyes and nose are watery, breathing op- 
pressed, pulse weak and soft. Continue the remedy until 
the cold has been broken, and a free discharge follows. 

Kali Mer. 3d trituration, a powder of 10 grs. at dose, 
upon the tougue, is the next remedy following Ferrum 
phos. ; dose three times a day. These two remedies will 
work a cure in from three to five days, in a majority of 
common colds. 

Dulcamara — if the attack was brought on from exposure 
to wet, and the animal is dull and drowsy, the tongue 



28 DISEASES 

coated with thick, sticking phlegm ; use the same as 
Aconite. 

Belladona 2d dilution— if there is difficulty in breathing, 
dry, spasmodic cough, eyes staring ; use as directed for 
Aconite. 

Squilla 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose three times a 
day — if the animal makes a groaning noise before coughing, 
and the whole body shakes from coughing. 

Bryonia 2d dilution — if the cough is \>f several weeks 
standing, and worse from motion ; use the same as directed 
for Squilla. 

Drosera 3d dilution— if the cough is of long standing, 
worse at night when the animal lies down ; one-half dram 
at dose, three times a day. 



SOKE THKOAT OE DISTEMPER. 

This disease is characterized by the following 
symptoms : Swelling of the- glands under the 
jaw and up towards the ears, tenderness to the 
touch, the animal keeps the muzzle elevated, 
difficulty of swallowing food or water, or both, 
profuse secretion of saliva, generally accompan- 
ied with fever at the commencement. 

Treatment. Aconite 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose every 
hour, if there is much fever, accompanied with dry heat of 
the skin, mouth dry and hot, violent thirst, and difficulty in 
swallowing. 

Ferrum phos. 3d and Merc. Vivus 2d trituration, 10 grs. 
at dose, alternately, every two or three hours, if there is 
much saliva in the mouth, enlargement and swelling of the 



OF THE HORSE. 29 

glands of the neck, difficult deglutition, symptoms worse 
towards night. 

Spongia 3d and Belladonna 2d, 10 drops at dose, alternate- 
ly, every half hour, if the breathing is very difficult, accom- 
panied with a rattling kind of sound, the animal has an 
anxious countenance, turns his head from side to side, and 
appears to be suffocating. 

Kali sulph. 3d, one-half dram at dose, three times a day, 
after the above remedies have been used, and the animal is 
discharging freely. This is a matter of great importance to 
the animal. Kali sulph. should be used until all signs of 
disease have been eradicated. The improper cure of this 
malady is the cause of broken wind, roarers, whistlers. 

External application of linseed oil, spts. turpentine and 
aqua ammonia, equal parts, mix, should be freely used night 
and morning for two or three applications. 



INFLAMATION OF THE LUNGS. 



PNEUMONIA. 

Inflamation of the proper substance of the 
lungs is rare in comparison with a compound 
disease, in which the air-tubes, or the pleura 
covering the lungs, is more or less inflamed at 
the same time. When the air-tubes and lungs 
are inflamed, we call this disease Broncho-Pneu- 
monia, and we find the joint symptoms of two 
distinct diseases more or less mixed up together 
in the same case. When the pleura and lungs 
are affected the disease is called Pleura-Pneu- 
monia, which presents the combined symptoms 
of the two individual affections. Nor is it rare 
to find symptoms of bronchitis, of pneumonia, 
of pleurisy, and eren heart disease, co-existing 
in the same patient. 

Fat, full-blooded animals, and those that are 
over-worked or severely galloped, are predis- 
posed to this disease, and exposure to cold and 



DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 31 

damp and to variations of temperature, deter- 
mines the attack. In some cases the disease 
begins with a more or less violent fit of shiver- 
ing, the ears and legs being cold, the eyes star- 
ing, the nose pale and the animal languid and 
depressed. In others, slight cold, want of 
appetite, cough, etc., are first observed. In 
either case, febrile reaction comes on, the pulse 
is frequent and full, counting sixty or seventy 
in the minute ; the breathing is short, labored, 
and thirty or forty per minute, or even much 
higher. The membranes of the nose and eyes 
are reddened, the mouth hot and dry, the 
expression of the countenance anxious and 
distressed, the bowels costive, and the urine 
scanty and high colored. 

At a somewhat later period, the breathing 
becomes more labored, and heaving at the 
flanks, the nostrils are widened and in full 
play, the neck is stretched out at full length, 
the nose and head poked forward, the animal 
stands fixed in one place, with his legs separat- 
ed from each other — in a word he instinctively 
postures himself in such a manner as to bring 
the "extraordinary muscles " of respiration 
into full action ; at the same time, the mem- 



32 DISEASES 

branes of the nose, eyes and lips have a dark 
bluish tinge, the legs and ears are remarkably 
cold ; whilst the skin elsewhere may be moder- 
ately warm, patches of sweat break out here 
and there ; the cough is only occasionally heard, 
or it is frequent, hard, painful, and attended 
with the discharge of redish colored mucus. 

Still later, the pulse is small, weak, and can 
hardly be counted ; the breathing is still more 
labored and difficult ; the expired air hotter 
than usual ; the mouth cold and clammy ; the 
teeth are ground ; the muscles twitch and 
quiver ; the eyes are dim, heavy and glassy ; 
the animal very weak and drowsy ; he wanders 
unconsciously around the box, or leans against 
the manger ; he soon staggers and falls down, 
and whilst attempting without success to get 
up again, he groans, struggles briefly and dies. 

The physical signs leave no doubt as to the 
nature, severity, extent, and complication of 
the disease, and give valuable information as to 
the probability of recovery. One or both lungs 
may be involved. In the diseased parts of the 
lungs a sound is heard resembling that which 
is produced when one's hair is rubbed between 
the finger and thumb, close to the ear. This 



OF THE HOKSE. 33 

sound is learnedly called "crepitation." It 
denotes the first stage of pneumonia, when the 
lungs are engorged with blood or bloody serum. 
In the same parts the natural healthy sound is 
obscured, and as the disease advances, displaced 
by the morbid one. As compared with the 
healthy lung, the diseased part gives out a dull 
sound when tapped^ as is done when the human 
chest is sounded. In the second stage the lung 
loses its spongia structure, and becomes dense 
and solid. Neither crepitation nor the natural 
sound can now be heard, but instead, a blowing- 
sound proceeding from the larger bronchial 
tubes which are surrounded by the solid lung. 
At a still more advanced stage the sounds are 
rattling, from the passage to and fro of air 
through the effused fluids or products of inflam- 
mation. These either cease and are gradually 
replaced by the gentle breezy murmur of health, 
or continue, and then indicate suppuration of 
the lung. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, one-half dram at 
dose, for the first six doses, every half-hour, and then 20 
drops at dose every hour for six hours, and then stop. In 
the very commencement of this disease — if there is much 



34 DISEASES 

fever, quick and full respiration, dry heat of the skin — it is 
considered the sheet-anchor for this disease, as well as for 
all cases of inflammation, if it is resorted to immediately 
at the commencement of an attack ; but if not much im- 
proved in twenty-four hours cease its use. 

The following has proved a success with me in breaking 
up lung fever in twenty-four hours : aromatic spirits of 
amonia, 2 oz. ; Veratrum Veride, 2 drams ; diluted alcohol, 
12 oz.; mix. Give one-half ounce at dose, every half -hour, 
for six doses ; then a dose every three hours for six doses. 
If the animal has improved, omit its use, and substitute 
Bryonia 2d and Phosphorus 3d dilutions, one dram at dose, 
alternately, every three or six hours, according to the emer- 
gency required. 

Belladonna 2d, Nux Vomica 2d dilutions, used as directed 
for Bryonia and Phosphorus — if the breathing is difficult, 
especially a rattling noise is heard in the throat ; short, dry 
cough, occasioning a spasmodic constriction of the throat 
and chest, and legs inclined to swell. 

Squilla 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose — if the cough 
is painful, breathing quick and anxious, constant desire to 
urinate ; dose, once every three hours. 

The animal must be debarred from food till the violence 
of the disease is abated, and then it ought to be sparingly 
given for some time. Cold bran mashes, carrots, and a little 
sweet hay may be given, after a day or two; if all goes on 
favorably a few oats may be allowed, cold soft water, fre- 
quently refreshed, should be constantly kept within reach of 
of the horse, allow him all he can drink from first to last. If 
the legs are cold, they must be rubbed with the hands and 
apply the following : Alcohol one pint; tincture of Capsi- 
cum one-half ounce ; mix ; after which bandage with flan- 



OF THE HOKSE. 35 

nel. When the animal has recovered, give one dose of 
Kali sulph. 3d, 10 grs.; in powder, once every three days, 
for four doses. 



INTLUEXZA. 

This disease is most prevalent in the spring 
and autumn months, and is generally ushered 
in by symptoms similar to those of catarrh, 
with general fever ; at first there is a watery 
discharge from the nose, but it soon becomes 
thick and sometimes bloody, the eyes are par- 
tially closed and inflamed, the glands of the 
jaw and throat are often enlarged, rendering 
deglutition painful. After the febrile symp- 
toms are somewhat abated there often succeeds 
a great prostration of strength, the animal 
reels and staggers about like a drunken man, 
falls down and sits upon his haunches like a 
dog. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, fre- 
quently administered — is generally required to commence 
the treatment with, if the disease assumes an inflammatory 
character, and there is fever, dry cough, violent sneezing, 
and running from the nose. 

Kali bichromate 2d, and Merc. Vivus 2d triturations,, 
equal parts, mix ; dose, 10 grs. in powder. Belladonna 2d 
dilution, one-half dram at dose; alternate with the above 



36 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 

every two, three or six hours, according to the severity of 
the disease, with the following symptoms : Sore throat, 
there is profuse secretion of saliva, the animal sweats, 
watering of the eyes, and intolerance of light, inability to 
swallow, especially fluids. 

Arsenicum 3d dilution, one-half dram at dose, three 
times a day — if there is great weakness, general heat of the 
body, loose evacuations, sometimes bloody, discharge of 
bloody matter from the nose, great thirst. 

Bryonia 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, every hour, is 
useful if the febrile symptoms do not give way after using 
Aconite, and the discharge from the nose stops, and the 
breathing becomes affected. 



STRANGLES — DISTEMPER. 

This disease generally attacks young horses, 
and is frequently observed after a continuance 
of bad weather. The symptoms are dullness 
and weakness, which cause the animal to sweat 
from the slightest exertion, dry cough, discharge 
from the nose, at first watery, afterwards thick 
and white like cream, swelling of the submax- 
illary glands — the swelling generally suppurates, 
and the animal soon recovers. 

Treatment. — Mercurius Vivus 2d, Kali bich. 2d tritura- 
tions, is the best remedy that I can find; a dose of 10 to 20 
grains in each powder ought to be given night and morning, 
alternately, for several days; afterwards it is requisite to give 
a dose of Kali sulph. 8d, 10 grains in each, once a day for 
one week, to complete a cure. 



DISEASES OF THE STOMACH, LIVER, ETC. 



COLIC OR GRIPES. 

This is a disease of rather common occurrence 
in the horse. It generally comes on suddenly, 
the horse begins to whisk his tail, strikes the 
ground with his feet, looks at his flanks, throws 
himself on the ground, rolls about, gets up 
again, turns round, strikes at his body with his 
hind feet, throws himself down again, stretches 
himself out and lies quiet for some minutes. 
But the pain soon returns ; he breaks out with 
profuse perspiration, the breathing becomes 
hurried, and if relief is not soon obtained the 
animal dies, perhaps in a few hours. Some- 
times in colic from cold the symptoms continue 
several days, the animal gets better for several 
hours at a time, he then lies down and continues 
quiet for some time, occasionally striking at his 
body with his feet. Cases of this sort are 
seldom dangerous and generally terminate with 



38 DISEASES 

diarrhoea. There is no disease the animal is 
subject to that receives in its treatment more 
nostrums and quackery from the hands of 
unskilled practitioners. In many cases they 
destroy the animal outright from the effects of 
strong medicine and over-dosing. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, 10 drops at a dose, 
every five, ten or fifteen minutes apart. If the tongue is 
dry and parched, which is an indication of urinary trouble, 
apply hot fomentation over the loins until relieved. Can- 
tharis 2d, Hyoscyamus 2d, dil. , 10 drops at dose, alternately 
— when Aconite does not relieve, and pass the urine.' 

The following remedy for colic I have used with success: 
Aqua Amonia one-half oz. ; Fowler's solution one-half oz.; 
Colocynth tincture, 1 dram; Chamomilla tincture, 1 dram; 
Chloroform, 2 drams; diluted alcohol, one pint; mix. Give 
one-half oz. at dose, every ten minutes, until relieved. This 
remedy is indicated when the animal belches wind off the 
stomach and discharges wind from the bowels, the abdomen 
being much swollen. This disease is known as Gastritis, 
caused by the fermentation of the food in the stomach. 

Nux Vomica 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose; Chamomilla 
1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, every twenty minutes, alter- 
nately — for colic from constipation, and attacked with 
violent spasms. Injection of lukewarm water should be used 
freely and frequently. 

Opium 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, if Nox Vomica fails 
to remove the constipation, or if the excrements are very 
dry, hard and dark colored, nearly black, and the animal 
lies stretched out as if dead. 



OF THE HORSE. 39 

INDIGESTION. 

Change of diet, cold, overloading the stomach, 
are among the causes that produce this disease. 
The symptoms are a staring coat, the skin 
sticking close to the ribs, sometimes loss of 
appetite, at other times the appetite is not 
affected. 

Treatment. — Ferrum phos. 3d trit., one-half dram at 
dose; China 2d trit., one-half dram at dose, alternately, night 
and morning, for thirty days— if there is total loss of appe- 
tite, rough staring coat, evacuations watery and stinking, 
craving for drink. 

Ipecacuanha 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, three times a 
day — if there is aversion to food, or vomiting of food and 
mucus, stools green and fetid. 

Arsenicum 3d trituration, one-half dram at dose, three 
times a day — if the derangement of the stomach is of long 
standing, the skin becomes hard in different places, with or 
without diarrhoea, but it is more particularly indicated when 
the stools are watery or bloody. 

Silicea 3d trit., 10 grains at dose, three times a day — if the 
animal sweats from the least exertion. 



DIARRHOEA. 

The frequent discharge of liquid excrement, 
uncolored by blood, which constitutes diarrhoea, 
is a very frequent symptom of disease. Washy 
animals — those with narrow loins and great 



46 DISEASES 

width between the ribs and haunch bone — are 
peculiarly subject to it. Some horses without 
this make are constitutionally predisposed to it. 
Horses upon the race-course that become excited 
are often troubled with it. Change of diet, bad 
or improper food, often produce it, especially in 
association with over-work. Super-purgation is 
the result of giving purges in too large doses or 
too frequently — a practice much less common 
now-a-days than in past years, and one that 
killed many a horse. Purging also arises toward 
the end of influenza, and other diseases attended 
with prostration, and is a constant symptom of 
disordered liver. The evacuations are passed 
frequently with straining and discharge of wind. 
There are often indications of colic, such as 
uneasiness, looking round to the flanks, pawing 
the ground, rolling over, &c. When digestion 
is imperfect, the oats are passed undigested. 
The discharges are offensive, and mixed with 
more or less slime. In bad cases, diarrhoea is a 
dangerous disorder in the horse and may destroy 
life. This event may be apprehended when the 
legs are cold, the surface covered with cold 
sweats, the breathing quickened, the pulse 



OF THE HORSE. 41 

small and weak, the appetite gone, the strength 
rapidly reduced, and the flesh wasted away. 
In some cases diarrhoea is of the lingering 
(chronic) form. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, and Fowler's solution; 
give 10 drops at dose, alternately, every two or three hours; 
will recover the animal in twenty-four or thirty-six hours if 
administered in the early stage of the disease. 

Camphor 1st dilution; Veratrum 1st dilution; 10 drops at 
dose, alternately, every hour for a few doses and then a dose 
every three hours — when there is great emaciation, the 
animal appears unconscious of voiding the stools, and runs 
out upon the tail and down the extremities ; the ears and 
limbs are cold, and the horse exhibits great uneasiness. 

Chamomilla 1st dilution, 10 drops at a dose — if there is 
swelling of the abdomen, evacuations greenish, and the 
animal restless. 

China 1st dilution, 10 drops at a dose, three times a day — 
if the diarrhoea is of an intermittent character. 

Colocynth 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, every three 
hours— if approaching dysentery, with colic, and the evacu- 
ations consist of slime and blood. 

Mercurius corrosive, 5th dilution, one-half dram at dose, 
every three hours — if there is great straining, with small 
evacuations. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS. 

The symptoms of this disease are very like 
those of the colic, only in the latter disease 
there are intervals of rest, or cessation of pain ? 



42 DISEASES 

and there is little or no alternation of the pulse 
— whilst in inflammation of the bowels, there is 
no abatement of pain, but the animal is contin- 
ually lying down and rolling about, getting up 
and down. The pulse is very much quickened, 
small and hard, the artery appears like a cord 
under the finger ; the extremities are cold, the 
animal frequently turns his head toward the 
flanks, the abdomen is hard and tender; as the 
disease advances the breathing becomes acceler- 
ated, the eyes staring and wild, the pulse imper- 
ceptible at the jaw, a cold sweat breaks out over 
the whole body. This state continues for some 
time, when suddenly the animal appears to get 
better, he gets up and stands quietly, the eyes 
lose their luster, the extremeties become deadly 
cold, there is a tremulous agitation of the 
muscles, particularly the fore part of the body. 
After a short time he begins to stagger and 
totter about, and soon falls down headlong, 
and dies. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, 
every fifteen minutes, is the chief remedy to be depended 
upon in this disease. Externally, apply mustard freely to 
the bowels and across the loins; injections of warm water 
with a little arnica in the water, two oz. to the gallon. If 



OF THE HOKSE. 43 

the patient shows no sign of improvement in two hours, 
then give the following: Aqua amonia one-half oz.; Fowler's 
solution 1 oz.; water 1 pint; mix. Veratrum Veride one-half 
oz.; water 1 pint; mix. Give 1 oz. at dose, every ten min- 
utes, alternately, until the animal has been relieved. 

Belladonna 2d dilution,, and Nux Vomica 2d, one-half 
dram at dose, every three hours, alternated — if after the 
disease is cured there remains a constipated state of the 
the bowels. 



WORMS, 

Are frequently met with in large quantities in 
horses, especially those that are kept upon 
unwholesome diet. There are several different 
kinds of worms, but unless they exist in large 
quantities, they are not so hurtful as is generally 
supposed. There is the Lumbrici, almost like the 
common earth-worm, and generally about five 
or six inches long; these worms are sometimes 
the cause of a staring coat, hide bound, and 
tucked up flanks. 

Treatment. — Arsenicum 3d, Spigilea 1st dilution; mix 
them and give one dram at dose, three times a day, for ten 
days. 

China 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, three times a day — if 
there is discharge of worms, violent itching of the parts, 
causing the animal constantly to rub. Injection of linseed 
oil, two oz.; spts. turpentine, twooz.; carbolic acid, 20 drops; 



44 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 

mix, in one application at night — will soon relieve the animal 
from this irritation. 



JAUNDICE. 

The symptoms attending this disease are 
yellowness of parts, or of the whole body, 
yellow or brown urine, constipation or Looseness. 

Treatment. — Ferrum phos. 3d; give one-half dram in 
powder, three times a day, for twenty days, and then give 
Kali sulph. 3d, one-half dram in powder, night and morning, 
for ten days. 

Chamomilla 1st, 10 drops, three times a day — if the 
animal is restless, loose evacuations and yellowness of the 
skin exist after the above treatment. 

Bryonia 2d dil., Nux Vomica 2d dilution, 20 drops at 
dose, alternately, night and morning — if there is constipa- 
tion. 

Lycopodium 3d dilution, one-half dram at dose, night 
and morning — if the skin is dry and hard, with yellowness 
about the eyes, nose and mouth, and there is constipation. 



DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS— ORGANS OF 
GENERATION, &C. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE KIDNEYS.' 

Among the causes of this disease, improper 
food ranks first. Violent exercise will produce 
it, and the frequent use of diuretic medicines, 
if they do not actually produce inflamation, so 
irritate the kidneys that they become inflamed 
from causes that would otherwise produce no 
injurious effect. The general symptoms are 
fever, stiffness of the loins, frequent discharges 
of dark or bloody urine in small quantities; 
after a time it is wholly suppressed; there is 
heat about the region of the kidneys, and the 
animal shrinks if that part is pressed upon, 
walks with a stiff, straddling gait, and frequent- 
ly looks with painful expression at the flanks. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, 
every ten minutes, for a few doses, and then once every hour. 



46 DISEASES 

Hot fomentation across the loins should be used freely, after 
which use the following liniment : Alcohol, 1 pint; tincture 
of Capsicum, 1 oz.; tincture of Aconite, 2 oz.; mix. Apply 
three times a day. 

Arnica 1st dilution, use the same as Aconite — if it has 
occured from an injury. 

Cantharis 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, every half 
hour — if there are frequent and painful emissions of bloody 
urine in small quantities, trembling of the hind extremities, 
which are wide apart, and the back arched. 

Canabis sat., 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, every 
three hours — if the animal is straining and exhibits great 
pain, similar to colic. 

Phosphoric acid, first dilution, one dram at dose, every 
hour — if the animal sweats and the discharge is profuse. 



RETENTION OF URINE. 

This disease may be recognized by the animal 
frequently putting himself in position to pass 
urine, &c. 

Treatment. — Aconite, 1st dilution, is the most useful 
remedy in the acute stage; one-half dram at dose, every 
half hour. 

Lycopodium 3d, Arsenicum 3d dilutions, one-half dram at 
dose, alternately, every hour, if the animal is oif his appetite 
and lying down, with tucked-up flanks. 

Cantharis 3d, Arsenicum 3d dilutions, one-half dram at 
dose, alternately — if there is constipation. 



OF THE HOKSE. 47 



ABORTION. 



Over-exertion, injuries, as blows, falls, &c., 
will sometimes produce abortions. 

Treatment. — Arnica ought to be given if a mare in foal 
has received any injury, even if there are no signs of abor- 
tion; 5 drops at dose, three times a day. 

Cimicifuga 1st dilution, 20 drops at dose, every hour— if 
the animal shows labor pains, uneasiness. 

Secale Cornutum, 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose — if 
there is violent straining and protrusion of the womb, or the 
discharges are of dark blood, and there is much debility. 

Pulsatilla 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, every ten 
minutes — if abortion has actually taken place and the after- 
birth is slow in coming away. If this has not the desired 
effect in an hour, give Sabina 2d dilution, one-half dram at 
dose, every thirty minutes or an hour, according to the 
symptoms. 

Frequently after an abortion the after-birth is delayed till 
after the usual time of being discharged (say two or three 
hours); when such is the case, mechanical means will have 
to be resorted to, by producing traction upon the cord, 
and if this is not sufficient, introduce the hand and detach 
the adherent parts, giving Arnica and Cimicifuga. 



DIFFICULT PARTURITION, 

Is, in mares, an uncommon occurrence. They 
generally bring forth their young without want- 
ing assistance, but cases will at times occur 



48 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 

when it is necessary to interfere. After all 
such cases, give Arnica internally, and use the 
Arnica lotion externally — one part of tincture 
to twenty parts of water. If there are febrile 
symptoms, give Aconite and Arnica, alternately, 
dose eVery hour. 



CHRONIC DISEASES. 



NASAL GLEET. 

Sometimes this discharge comes only from 
one nostril, at other times both nostrils are af- 
fected ; in some cases the glands under the jaw 
are enlarged, in other cases no enlargement can 
be discovered. Perhaps after the discharge has 
been very copious for some time, it suddenly 
stops and the animal remains free from any dis- 
charge for several weeks, when it comes on 
again as bad as ever. Generally speaking exer- 
cise increases the discharge. I have known 
horses affected with this disease to continue 
free from any discharges for six or eight weeks, 
whilst they have continued to rest ; but when 
taken to work, the discharge re-appears in a 
day or two, as abundantly as ever. 

Treatment. — Kali bich. 2d, Merc. Vivus 2d triturations, 
equal parts, mix ; 20 grs. in a dose, three times a day — will 
often remove the disease in 30 days, 



50 . DISEASES 

Silicea 3d triturations, 20 grs. in powder at dose, three 
times a day — may be used when the discharge is continued, 
enlargment of the gland under the jaw, the animal wastes 
away and sweats from the least exertion. 

Kali sulph. 3d trituration, 20 grs. in powder at dose — 
should be given once a day for thirty days, in bad chronic 
cases, to promote a cure. 



BRONCHITIS. 

This disease is produced by exposure to wet, 
sudden chill, over-exertion, etc. The symp- 
toms are at first similar to those of a common 
cold, the animal is dull, has a slight cough, 
and is off his appetite ; in a short time the 
pulse and breathing become quickened ; a sort 
of rattling sound is heard in the wind-pipe, 
the cough is moist and sounding, excited by 
motion, to which the animal is very averse ; he 
continues to stand in one position, with his 
head down for a length of time ; the surface of 
the body and the extremities are variable, some- 
times hot, at other times cold ; the mouth is 
hot and filled with adhesive saliva ; generally 
after a few days a discharge comes on from the 
nose, which may be looked upon as a favorable 
symptom ; the cough becomes softer, and the 



OF THE HORSE. 51 

rattling in the throat ceases, or is only heard at 
times, and ceases when the animal coughs. In 
other cases, where the disease takes an unfavor- 
able turn, the breathing becomes more oppres- 
sive and quicker, the cough short and dry, and 
the nose remains dry ; in such cases, the ani- 
mal will have a narrow escape. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, 
every hour — may be given at the beginning of the disease, 
when the symptoms indicate inflammation and fever. 

Belladona 2d, Nux Vomica 2d dilutions, one-half dram at 
dose, every hour, alternately — when the throat is sore, rat- 
tling of mucus in the throat, the animal appears suffo- 
cating. 

Bryonia 2d, Phosphorus 3d dilutions, one-half dram at 
dose, alternately, every hour — if the disease still continues 
to progress, the breathing becomes quicker, a short grunting 
sound indicating pleurisy. 

Spongia 3d dilution, 10 drops at dose, every hour — may 
be given when the breathing is very difficult, accompanied 
with a whistling sound. 

Aromatic spts. of Ammonia 2 oz.; Fowler's solution 1 oz.; 
diluted alcohol 8 oz.; mix; one-half oz. at dose, every half 
hour ; may be used as a stimulant, if the extremities are icy 
cold and the animal is very weak — after which follow with 
Bryonia and Phosphorus. 



LAMENESS. 

Ordinarily, in nine cases out of ten, the 
lameness of the horse will be found in the foot, 



52 DISEASES 

caused from puncture by a nail, bruised quar- 
ters, contraction, quarter-crack, laminitis and 
bad shoeing ; also ring-bone, spavin, curbs and 
splints ; all other forms of lameness arise from 
a strain of some one or more muscles, ligaments 
or joints, and navicular disease. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st and Arnica 1st dilutions, 10 
drops at dose, alternately, every six hours— will often relieve 
pain and assist in removing local inflammation. 

Aconite tincture, Rhus tox. tincture, 1 oz. of each; dilut- 
ed alcohol, 1 pint; mix — is an excellent liniment for exter- 
nal use for all strains, giving Rhus tox. 2d dil., internally, 
one-half dram at dose, three times a day. Absolute rest is 
essential in a majority of cases. 

Merc, corrosive liniment, for spavins, ring-bones, curbs, 
navicular diseases, and splints, made in the following man- 
ner: Merc, corrosive sub., 20 grains; alcohol 1 oz.; spts. 
turpentine, 1 oz. ; gum camphor, one-half oz. ; mix. Apply 
once every six hours for three applications, upon the parts 
affected, after which shower with cold water, three times a 
day for ten days, and then repeat if necessary. 

Calearea Fluorica 3d trituration, one powder of 10 grains, 
given in the food, night and morning — will aid materially in 
assisting nature in restoring itself, andfstrengthen the parts 
affected by spavin, &c. 

Corns, quarter-cracks, pumice foot, <fec, will be treated 
under the head of shoeing. 



PARALYSIS. 

Paralysis means a total loss of the power of 



OF THE HORSE. 53 

feeling, or of moving, or of both, and may be 
limited to one part of the body, or affect the 
whole of it. 

Facial Paralysis is confined to the muscles of 
the face, and is chiefly caused by pressure upon 
the nerves of the face, by heavy head-gear, and 
by exposure to draughts of cold air. Usually, 
only one side of the face is involved, sometimes 
both. The lip, especially the corner of the 
lower one, hangs down motionless and appears 
to be swollen; the lips on the sound side are 
drawn towards that side, and the angle of the 
mouth draws upwards. When the horse eats, 
he turns his head on one side — on the healthy 
side — so that tie may use the unparalyzed side 
of his lips. The food is not chewed so well as 
usual, and it becomes crammed in between the 
teeth and cheek on the diseased side, and some- 
times the morsel drops out. In some cases the 
prick of a pin is not felt, showing paralysis of 
sensation as well as motion. 

Hemiplegia occurs when one side of the body 
is paralyzed. This rare form depends on effu- 
sion of blood, or tumors on the side of the brain, 
or in the upper part of the spinal marrow. It 



54 DISEASES 

comes on suddenly, like a stroke. The animal 
falls down and cannot rise without help. The 
head is drawn to one side, the ear hangs down 
useless, the eye squints, a fore and hind leg of 
the same side are weak and cannot he volunta- 
rily moved, and the animal either cannot move 
at all, or he does so in an awkward, hobbling 
manner. 

Paraplegia consists of paralysis of the hinder 
half of the body, and depends upon diseases of 
the spinal marrow, fractures of the vertebral 
bones, &c. When the disease is fully developed, 
we observe that the animal is unable to stand, 
and tumbles down, he struggles to get up, rais- 
ing himself on his fore legs, with his haunches 
remaining powerless on the ground, like a dog 
sitting. In this position he may drag himself 
along the ground for a few paces. If he is 
raised on his feet he cannot stand long, or at all 
on his hind legs, the hind pasterns double 
under, with the sole of the foot looking upward. 
Unless recovery takes place, or he is destroyed, 
the symptolns of paralysis continue the same, 
the urine and faeces escape involuntarily, and 



OF THE HORSE. 55 

the hind legs mortify. All animals are subject 
to this disease. 

In all cases treatment, in order to be success- 
ful, must be steadily continued for some time, 
as even in the most favorable cases for recovery, 
improvement and complete restoration cannot 
be brought about speedily. When the payalysis 
comes on suddenly, from a severe injury, such 
as may be received in casting, from falls, from 
injuries to the spine in jumping, &c, the bone 
of the back may be broken, or the spinal marrow 
itself so much damaged as to preclude recovery. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, and Arnica 1st dilu- 
tion, one-half dram at dose, alternately, every ten or twenty 
minutes, in a little water; should be given for a few doses 
and then a dose, one, two and three hours apart, according 
to improvement. Externally, Aconite and Arnica, mix, of 
each2oz.; alcohol 1 pint; mix; apply freely upon the back 
and loins. 

Rhus tox. 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, alternately, 
with Aconite, every hour for a few doses — when the paralysis 
is the result of a sprain, or over-reach, as in jumping. Ex- 
ternally, apply Rhus and Aconite as above. 

Belladonna 2d dilution, 1 dram at dose, every hour — is 
required in those cases which have come on gradually, and 
are presumed to depend upon congestion. 

Nux Vomica 2d dilution, 1 dram at dose, every hour — 
when there is reason to believe that the nerve centers are free 



56 DISEASES 

from congestion, and that the paralysis is due merely to 
diminished nutrition of the spinal cord. 

Graphites 5th trituration, 10 grains in powder at dose, 
three times a day — I have found it to be the best for facial 
paralysis. 

Gelseminum tincture, 10 drops at dose, in a little water — 
when there is delirium; to be used as Aconite. 

In cattle this disease will be the same as in horses. For 
hogs, sheep and dogs, give half the quantity of medicine. 



ROARING AND WHISTLING. 

Exciting causes: Inflammatory diseases of 
the air passages, such as laryngitis, strangles, 
bronchitis, etc. 

Symptoms — These depend on the nature and 
seat of the respiratory obstruction, but in gen- 
eral, a harsh sawing kind of noise accompanies 
every inspiration when the animal is cantered 
or galloped ; in some cases it is sonorous, in 
others, whistling ; and in very bad cases, the 
sound may be heard both in inspiration and in 
expiration. 

Pathology — The proximate causes of roaring 
are numerous ; but first, the most usual one, is 
a wasting of the muscles on one side of the * 
larynx, which allows the arytenoid cartilage on 
the s^me side to close in, and thus obstruct the 



OF THE HORSE. 57 

free passage of air. The atrophy of the mus- 
cles may be the result of inflammation, or of 
paralysis in the recurrent nerve ; but in carriage 
horses it often arises from the use of tight 
bearing-reins, and from always driving horses 
on the same side, with their heads close together 
for hours daily, instead of transferring them 
occasionally — say, putting the near horse on 
the off-side. The consequence of this is that 
the laryngeal muscles on the inside become 
lax and weak, and horses thus driven become 
roarers without any inflammatory attack. Sec- 
ond: Bands of coagulable lymph are sometimes 
thrown out, either in the larynx or wind-pipe, 
the result of severe inflammation in the mucous 
membrane. Third: Ulceration and thickening 
of the laryngeal membrane. Fourth: Distor- 
tion of the upper part of the wind-pipe, from 
tight bearing-reins. Fifth: Bony growths, 
tumors, or polypic in the nostril or pharynx. 
Sixth: Constriction of the wind-pipe. Seventh: 
Inflammation or spasm in the larynx, in acute 
cases only. 

Tteatment. — Except in acute or recent cases, always 
unfavorable, Belladonna 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, 



58 diseases Of Me SorsE. 

every three hours must be given for recent infiamation of the 
lining membrane of the larynx. 

Kali bich. 2d trit, 10 grains in powder, every three, six, or 
twelve hours — if there is ulceration. 

Spongia 3d, 10 drops at dose— if there is spasm of the 
larynx, indicated by suffocation; give dose every ten minutes 
until relieved. 

Hydrastic can. 2d, one-half dram at dose — is an excellent 
remedy to alternate with spongia. 

Heper sulph. 2d trit., 10 grains in powder per dose, every 
three hours — if an abcess is forming; after which give Kali 
Merc. 3d, 10 grains at dose, three times a day, until cured. 

Arsenicum 3d, Spongia 3d trit., equal parts, mix; Kali 
Merc. 3d trit., one-half dram at dose, night and morning, 
alternately — are the best remedies for chronic cases. Exter- 
nally, apply the following liniment, once a day: Linseed oil, 
4 oz. ; spirits turpentine, 4 oz. ; aqua ammonia, 2 oz. ; mix. 
Use it sparingly upon the glands of the neck. 



DISEASES OF THE FOOT. 



SHOEING. 

Experience has taught us to comply with 
nature, and to observe her laws, if we would 
avoid much trouble through life ; and this is as 
true in horse-shoeing as in everything else. 
The first time a horse is shod, the shoes should 
be very light, and of equal weight behind and 
forward. This is a self-evident truth. You 
have added only a little more weight to each 
limb, equally, and the horse's gait is not affect- 
ed, thus obviating cutting, forging, knee- 
knocking and quarter-grabbing. When the 
horse becomes way-wise, he can be shod in pro- 
portion to his strength and capacity. The 
old adage is true : " no frog, no foot ; no foot, 
no horse. " Here it is, all in a nutshell. 

Shoe the horse low, and in every instance 
allow frog-pressure upon the ground surface, 



60 DISEASES 

both behind and before. In so doing you obvi- 
ate the following blemishes and diseases : corns, 
quarter-cracks, contraction, bruised heels, quit- 
tor, thrush, navicular disease/ timber-toe, ancle- 
knuckling, wind-puffs, sweeny and interfering. 
Ninety per cent, of all the lameness in horses is 
positively produced by improper shoeing. The 
application of the hot shoe, in fitting to the 
foot, should not be permitted under any cir- 
cumstances. One and a half pounds of iron 
are often used in a shoe, when twelve ounces is 
quite sufficient, thus obviating much labor and 
feed to protect and carry the same. The part 
of most vital importance is the frog, which is 
the only gland in the foot to support nature as 
well as the animal. Allow it to take the place 
of the calk for concussion, weight of pressure, 
and bearing upon the ground surface, which 
action will prevent all of the troubles above 
named. 

Many farmers do not shoe their horses at all, 
and to my certain knowledge they are rarely 
troubled with lame horses ; they do not inter- 
fere behind or knock their knees forward. 
What more is needed to prove that in ninety 



OF THE HORSE. 61 

cases out of every hundred, the cause of lame- 
ness can be traced to improper shoeing ? When 
the horse is lame, take off the shoes, turn him 
out for three months, and you will find him all 
right usually ; and if badly wind-puffed or bog- 
spavined, these troubles will entirely disappear. 
What does this prove ? Simply that bad shoe- 
ing caused the lameness. In conclusion, allow 
me to repeat — give the foot a frog bearing, both 
behind and forward. 



CORNS. 



If horses are suffering from corns, cut them 
down and apply the following: Tincture of 
iron and spirits of turpentine, equal parts; 
mix. Apply once a day for one week, observing 
the above method of shoeing. 

QUARTER CRACKS. 

The part affected should be well pared out on 
the outside of the hoof to prevent the wall from 
pinching and causing the same to bleed. At 
the foot surface, upon the quarter affected, it 
should be well cut down and not allow any 



62 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 

pressure upon the shoe. The use of a good 
Hoof Ointment will soon grow out a new hoof. 
In 

CONTRACTION, OR HOOF-BOUND 

Feet, the walls must be cut down as low as they 
will admit of, and use some good hoof oint- 
ment. 



DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



DISEASES OF THE SKIS 

Appear in various forms, such as pimples, 
cracks, induration of different parts, scurvy, 
eruptions, &c. 

Treatment. — Kali Sulphuricum 3d trituration, one-half 
dram at dose, once a day, for ten days, and then once even- 
three days for a few doses. Externally, Kali sulph. 3d, one- 
half oz. in 1 quart of water: sponge off the parts affected 
once a day. 

Arsenicum 3d dilution, 1 dram at dose, once a day — if the 
skin is dry and hard, and covered with a yellowish scurf. 

Thuja 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, once a day — if 
the disease is principally situated about the joints, and the 
skin lies up in folds covered with a hard sort of scurf. Ex- 
temally, Thuja tinct. 1 oz.; water 1 pint, mix; apply freely, 
and thoroughly rub in, once a day. 



RHEUMATISM 

•Is a disease to which cows are more subject than 
horses. It is generally produced by cold, to 
which cows are frequently unnecessarily exposed 
3 



66 DISEASES 

by the thoughtlessness of their owners. Very 
often the first symptom is the diminution of 
milk; after a day or two the animal is observed 
to walk stiff with one or more legs the joints of 
which are hot and swollen; there is loss of 
appetite, and a dull inanimate appearance; as 
the disease progresses there is a gradual loss of 
flesh, till at last there is hardly anything but 
skin and bones; the eyes are sunken, the ears 
pendant, back arched, and altogether the ani- 
mal has a most distressing appearance. They 
are generally found in a recumbent position 
and if obliged to move they do so with the 
greatest caution. They appear to feel the 
ground before setting the feet down. I have 
known cows to linger on in this wretched state 
for months before I became acquainted with 
Homoeopathy, without being able to render 
them any assistance. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, 
three times a day; put the animal in good comfortable 
quarters. 

Ferrum phos. 3d trituration, one-half dram at dose, three 
times a day, on a handful of bran ; if not relieved in three 
days, give Bryonia 2d dilution. 1 dram at dose. 

Belladonna M dilution, 1 dram at dose, three times a day 



OF CATTLE. 67 

— if the animal stumbles while walking, and the legs swell. 

Arsenicum 3d dilution, 1 dram at dose, three times a day — 
if the feet appear to be most affected. 

Rhus tox. 2d dilution, 1 dram at dose, three times a day — 
if the limbs and joints swell and are hot and tender to the 
touch; alternate with Aconite. Externally, apply Rhus 
lotion, made as follows: 1 oz. of Rhus tincture; diluted 
alcohol, 1 pint; mix. 



DISEASE OF THE UDDER. 

Inflammation frequently attacks the udder, 
which is found to be very hot, painful and 
swollen. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution , one-half dram at dose, 
at night; Ferrum phos. 3d trituration, one-half dram at dose, 
in the morning ; if given when tlrst attacked, a few doses will 
soon relieve the animal. 

Belladonna 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, three 
times a day — is the most useful if it comes on a short time 
after calving. 

Chamomilla 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, three times a 
day — if there is not much inflammation, skin of the udder 
loose, and knobs can be felt inside. 



DIMINUTION OF MILK, 

If arising from cold, and the general health is 
not affected, Ferrum phos. 3d, one-half dram 
at dose, once a day; Chamomilla 2d dilution, 
one-half dram at dose, once a day, alternately 
—will soon restore the milk again. 



68 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

BLOODY MILK. 

Sometimes the milk from one or more of the 
teats is streaked with blood, in which case give 
Ipecacuanha 2d dilution, one dram at dose, 
alternately, with Ferrum phos. 3d, one-half 
dram at dose, once a day. I have cured a 
number of cases with it. 



SORE TEATS. 

If the result of injury. Arnica lotion (1 oz. to 1 
pint of water), is sufficient to cure them. If 
from warts, the external application of Thuja 
(one-half oz. of the tincture, mixed with 1 pint 
of water), the parts to be moistened twice a day. 
If there are ulcers on the teats, give Silicea 3d, 
10 grains in powder, a dose night and morning. 



DISEASES OF THE BRAIN, EYES, &C. 



OPHTHALMIA 

Is frequently produced by something getting 
into the eye; therefore the first thing that 
ought to be done whenever the eye is affected, 
is to closely examine the organ, and if anything 
is found, the best way to remove it is with a 
piece of wet silk wiped lightly oyer the eye. 

Treatment. — Arnica, both externally and internally (a 
lotion of one part of Arnica to twenty of water), the eye to 
be frequently bathed with the solution; internally, give 10 
drops, night and morning. 

Aconite the same as Arnica — if the eyes are much inflamed. 

Euphrasia 1st dilution, and Aconite 1st dilution, 10 dops 
at dose, alternately, night and morning, upon the tongue — 
if the preceeding remedies are not sufficient to remove all 
the symptoms, and there remains a weeping, with the eye- 
lids closed. Externally, bathe the eyes with Euphrasia lotion 
(1 part to 20 of water); alternate with Aconite, night and 
morning. 



WARTS 0:N T CATTLE. 

Adopt the same treatment as for horses. 



70 DISEASES 

INFLAMMATION OF THE BRAIN. 

An animal about being attacked with this 
disease is generally observed to be dull for two 
or three days previous, and to walk unsteadily; 
these symptoms give place to great restlessness, 
then suddenly he becomes furious, plunging 
violently about, jumps up from the ground, 
bellows, foams at the mouth, champs, grinds 
his teeth; generally the ears and horns are 
burning hot. 

Treatment. — Ferrum phos. 3d trit., one-half oz.; water 
8 oz. ; mix. Give one-half oz. at dose, every half hour, until 
the animal perspires freely at the nose. It is one of the best 
remedies we have, in the acute stage. 

Hyoscyamus 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, every hour 
— if the animal tears the ground, hangs the head down, and 
swings it from side to side, back arched, and tail high in air. 



SWELLING OF THE HEAD. 

This disease is generally first observed by the 
animal rubbing and shaking his head, which 
very soon begins to swell — mostly, at first, round 
the eyes, but rapidly extending over the whole 
head and ears, accompanied with burning heat. 
The animal rubs his head violently, and strikes 
at it with the hinder feet. If an attempt is 



OF CATTLE. 71 

made to prevent his rubbing, he becomes 
furious, and dashes wildly about, regardless of 
anything. 

Treatment.— Aconite, 1st dilution; Belladonna, 1st dil.; 
one-half dram at dose, alternately, every hour for a few 
doses — will soon overcome the acute symptoms, and then a 
dose once every three or six hours. 

Kali sulph. 3d trituration, one-half dram at dose — should 
be given once a day for ten days, to complete a cure. 



DISEASES OF THE CHEST. 



CATARRH, 

Or common Cold, is generally produced by 
exposure to cold and wet. The symptoms are 
loss of appetite, partial or total suspension of 
rumination, diminution of milk, stiffness of the 
joints, watery discharge from the eyes and nose, 
constipation, at times diarrhoea; if the shock of 
the system has been severe, the reaction is a 
violent one, and there is fever; active treatment 
should be adopted at once. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, 30 drops at dose, 
every three hours— if there is much fever, with loss of appe- 
tite. 

Dulcamara 1st dilution — if the disease follows exposure 
to wet ; dose same as Aconite. 

Bryonia 2d, and phos. 3d dilutions, 1 dram at dose, alter- 
nately, every three hours— if there is difficult breathing and 
stiffness of the limbs. 

Nux Vomica 2d dilution, 1 dram at dose — if there is con- 
stipation and stiffness of the limbs. 

Arsenicum 3d dilution, 1 dram at dose, every three hours 
— if the eyes are red and watery, accompanied with diarrhoea. 



DISEASES 0* CATTLE. 73 

PLEURO-PKEUMONTA — PULM0STARY MURRAIN — 
FATAL COMPLAINTS. 

Pleuro-Pneumonia on its first appearance in 
this country was regarded as a form of catarrh, 
resembling influenza, but closer observation has 
shown that it is an affection of the lungs. Its 
ravages among cattle have been of the most 
fearful character, and few that have been 
attacked with it have survived under the usual 
mode of treatment. Since as many seemed to 
recover when left to themselves, as when treated 
on the allopathic principle, many farmers 
allowed the. cattle attacked to take their chances 
of living or dying. It is far otherwise with the 
homoeopathic treatment, under which the cure is 
rapid, complete and lasting, in the great major- 
ity of cases. The disease itself is somewhat 
modified in character, and will be found amen- 
able to judicious treatment and proper manage- 
ment. 

Causes.— Any great and sudden change from 
heat to cold, or from cold to heat (thus, it 
prevails most at those seasons of the year, espe- 
cially if the weather be damp and chilly), the 
crowding together of cattle in damp, dark, ill- 



74 DISEASES 

ventilated sheds, high and artificial mode of 
feeding, and contagion. The disease is consid- 
ered by some to arise from a peculiar condition 
of the atmosphere, similar to that which occa- 
sions cholera in man. 

Symptoms. — Pleiiro-Pneumoiiia sometimes 
attacks cows suddenly, and, resisting all treat- 
ment, speedily terminates fatally. Sometimes 
it is ushered in by extreme diarrhoea, followed 
by great wasting and exhaustion, and at other 
times it comes on gradually, without any visible 
departure from health at all corresponding with 
the serious nature of the disease. If the prac- 
ticed ear be applied to the sides of the chest, at 
this stage of the disease, the respiratory murmur 
will be heard, but its character will be changed 
from the sound peculiar to health. When the 
lungs are healthy, the respiratory murmur is of 
a moist but clear sound, not unlike the faint 
rustling of silk ; but instead of this moist, silky 
sound, the murmur will be either harsh and dry, 
or nothing will be heard but a confused hum- 
ming sound. The supply of milk, which will 
be diminished in quantity, will have a slightly 
yellow tinge. The animal will be dull, and the 



OF CATTLE. 75 

less anxious about her food. The second stage 
is marked by the cough becoming more frequent 
and inflicting severer pain during the act; the 
breathing is attended with great difficulty and 
pain; the cow is off her feed, the milk is sup- 
pressed, and the cud is not chewed. If , at this 
stage, proper treatment be not adopted, the 
disease gains great force; the breathing is much 
quickened, very labored, and even agonizing ; 
the pulse becomes quicker, more feeble, irregular, 
and often imperceptible; the extremities are 
cold, and the skin is covered with a cold sweat; 
violent purging comes, and death ensues earlier 
or later, as the disease has been more or less 
rapid in its course. 

Tbeatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, 
every two or three hours. The treatment of nearly every 
ease should be commenced by the administration of this 
remedy. It is especially indicated when the breathing is 
short, painful and anxious, the pulse quick and hard, the 
mouth dry and hot, the roots of the horns cold, the milk 
scanty, the faeces hard, with feverish symptoms. If, after 
the lapse of twenty-four hours there is no improvement, 
commence with the following remedy: 

Aqua Ammonia, 1 oz.; Veratrum Veride tincture, one- 
half oz.; Alcohol, 1 pint; mix. Give one-half oz. at dose, 
every half hour, until the symptoms of congestion have been 
relieved. 



76 DISEASES 

Bryonia 2d, Phosphorus 3d dilutions, 1 dram at dose, 
alternately; these remedies are often required after Aconite, 
especially if the latter has only afforded partial relief, in 
which case it should be administered in alternation every 
hoar, or more or less frequently, according to the symptoms. 
Bryonia is especially required if the cough is frequent and 
causes severe pain in the chest, which may be inferred from 
the efforts of the animal to suppress the cough, and from its 
avoiding movement, lest the pain in the chest should be 
increased. 

Fowler's solution, 1 oz.; Aqua Ammonia, 1 oz. ; diluted 
Alcohol, 1 pint; mix; one-half oz. at dose, every hour; this 
remedy is indicated by extreme debility, loss of appetite, 
grinding of the teeth, t} r phoid symptoms, wheezing, short 
and difficult breathing, small, quick pulse, offensive dis- 
charge from the nostrils, clammy sweat, severe purging, 
and when the disease is epidemic. It may be alternated with 
Bryonia if the animal grunts when breathing, at each respi- 
ration (showing pleurisy); or Phos. if there is rattling of 
the mucus within the lungs. 

Kali sulph. 3d, one-half dram at dose, every three or six 
hours — is required when improvement has set in, especially 
when the disease is complicated with bronchitis and attended 
with a muco-purulent discharge from the uose. It aids 
recovery and protects from a relapse. Yet Bryonia and 
Phos. should be steadily adhered to until the animal has 
recovered. 

Precautionary Means. — As this complaipt is generally 
quite manageable if the treatment is commenced early, 
farmers are strongly advised to notice its first symptoms, 
and at once proceed with the administration of the appro- 
priate remedies. Food must be very sparingly given, and 
only gradually increased as the beast recovers. It should 



OF CATTLE. 77 

consist of mashes, oatmeal gruel, linseed tea, and, after a 
few days, a small quantity of good hay. But the animal 
must not be drenched with gruel, or the consequence will 
be distension of the rumen, or paunch, and inevitable death. 
A return of the disease, which generally ends fatally, is 
likely to result from overloading the animal's stomach 
before its perfect recover} 7 . The animal must be separated 
from others unaffected. 



DISEASBTOF THE STOMACH, BOWELS, &C. 



ACUTE INDIGESTION. 

Cattle suffering from this disease are said to be 
ho veil or blown. It is generally met with when 
cattle begin to eat green fodder, of which they 
will eat an enormous quantity, more than the 
stomach is capable of acting upon in the usual 
way ; consequently the mass soon begins to 
foment, and gas is generated, which distends 
the paunch to an immense extent, and often- 
.times so rapidly does this take place, that the 
animal sinks and dies before any relief can be 
given. When an animal is discovered with the 
stomach so distended that death is apprehended, 
the first thing to be done is to make an opening 
into the stomach, either with an instrument for 
the purpose, or, if nothing is at hand, a knife 
may be used. The puncture must be made on 
the left side, about four inches from and just- 
below the hip bone. 



DISEASES OF CATTLE. i%l 

Treatment. — Colchicum tincture, 5 drops in 1 oz. of 
water, at dose ; Aqua Ammonia, 5 drops in 1 oz. of water; 
given alternately, every ten or twenty minutes, will often 
relieve the animal in the course of one hour. If, after the 
violence of the symptoms is somewhat abated, the animal 
does not ruminate, give Nux 2d, or Arsenicum 3d, 1 dram at 
dose, night and morning. 



col-ic. 



Attacks of colic are much more rare in cows 
than in horses, and it is very seldom that they 
end fatally. It is generally sudden in its attack 
and the symptoms are similar to those mani- 
fested by the horse when suffering from an 
attack of colic. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, one-half dram at 
dose, every two hours, is the principal remedy. 

Colocynth 2d, Arsenicum 3d dilutions, 1 dram at dose, 
alternately, every one, two, or three hours; especially if the 
attack has been produced by green food or cold water. 

Nux Vomica 2d dilution, 1 dram at dose, every three 
hours — if there is constipation, and the attack is supposed 
to originate from indigestion. 



DIARRHOEA. 



The causes that produce this diseased state 
are: food of bad quality, exposure to cold, &c, 



80 DISEASES 

or it may be only a symptom of a general dis- 
eased state. When such is the case, it will most 
likely disappear from the use of the medicine 
indicated by the generality of the symptoms. 

Treatment. — Arsenicum 3d dilution, one-half dram at 
dose, every three or six hours — is indicated if the evacua- 
tions are watery, or mixed with blood and mucus, and 
smell very offensively, with loss of appetite, and the animal 
wastes fast. 

Bryonia 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, every two or 
three hours — if there is alternate diarrhoea and constipation, 
and the animal frequently turns his head towards his flanks. 

China 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, every six hours 
— if the evacuations consist partly of undigested food, pain 
during the discharge, loss of appetite, great dislike to par- 
ticular kinds of food. 

Ipecacuanha 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, every 
hour — if the evacuations are dark, sometimes mixed with 
blood and mucus, and have the appearance of fomenting. 

Mercurius Vivus 2d trituration, one-half dram in powder, 
put upon the tongue, every two, three, or six hours — for 
copious yellow or dark evacuations, violent straining, obsti- 
nate diarrhoea, having a putrid smell. 

Chamomilla 2d dilution, 1 dram at dose, every half hour 
— if there is pain just before an evacuation, excrements of a 
greenish color and mixed with phlegm. 

Kali sulph. 3d trituration, one-half dram at dose, night 
and morning, for a few days, to complete a cure. 

Diarrhoea in calves is generally checked by the following 
medicine: Merc. Vivus, Arsenicum, and Kali sulph.; dose 
one-half the amount as previously prescribed for adults. 



OF CATTLE. 81 

LOSS OF APPETITE. 

Is mostly only a symptom of disease, and 
generally disappears with the disease which it 
accompanies ; but we sometimes meet with 
cases where there may be only a dislike to a 
particular kind of food ; overloading the stom- 
ach will often occasion loss of appetite for sev- 
eral days. 

Treatment. — Nux Vomica 2d dilution, one-half dram at 
dose, three times a day — if there is constipation. 

Arsenicum 3d dilution, one-half dram at dose, three 
times a day — if there is diarrhoea. 

Aqua Ammonia one-half oz. in a pint of water, mixed : 
give one oz. every three hours. Allow the animal plenty of 
water, if there is great thirst. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS. 

Oxen that are worked are more subject to 
this disease than others. The causes are 
numerous : drinking cold water when heated., 
impure water, unwholesome food, exposure to 
wet for a length of time, too hard work in hot 
weather. It sometimes occurs that a number 
of beasts are attacked with this disease in the 
same locality, within a few days of each other, 
which gives it the appearance of an epidemic. 



82 DISEASES 

The symptoms that are first noticed are a star- 
ing coat, loss of appetite, dullness, and disincli- 
nation to move. These are soon succeeded by 
dryness of the muzzle, quick pulse, swelling of 
the belly, which is very tender ; the animal 
shrinks from the least pressure, scanty evacua- 
tions of dark liquid matter, sometimes streaked 
with blood ; the animal moans, lies down, 
grinds the teeth, quickly gets up, walks about 
half unconscious ; the breathing hurried, eyes 
staring ; there is generally rapid loss of strength, 
especially of the hind quarters ; the animal 
staggers and totters about, at last is unable to 
raise itself, but plunges from side to side, and 
dies. 

Treatment. — Fowler's solution, 2 oz.; Aqua Ammonia, 
one-half oz.; diluted Alcohol, 5 oz.; mix. Veratrum Veride 
tincture, one-half oz. ; diluted Alcohol, 7 1-2 ounces ; mix. 
Give one-half ounce at dose, every ten minutes, alter- 
nately, until relieved. This method of treatment should 
always be adhered to in the most aggravated character and 
symptoms of this disease. 

Aconite 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose — is the best 
remedy to be given in the acute stage of this disease, and 
when timely employed will be quite sufficient; repeat the 
dose every ten or twenty minutes for two hours. 

Bryonia 2d, Arsenicum 3d, 1 dram at dose, alternately, 
every hour — when Aconite has only partially given relief. 



OF CATTLE. 83 

Nux Vomica 1st, one-half dram at dose— if there is con- 
stipation or spasm of the muscles of the abdomen, and they 
are very tender; dose every half hour. 

Carbo Veg. 2d trituration, one-half dram at dose, every 
hour — if there is rapid loss of strength, loose fetid evacua- 
tions, and spasmodic twitching of the abdominal muscles. 



INFLAMMATION" OF THE LIVER 

Is a disease to which ruminating animals appear 
to he more subject than others. It is generally 
observed in the winter season, after animals 
have been shut in stalls or yards for some time. 
The symptoms are, a desire to remain lying 
down, tenderness about the region of the liver, 
to which part the animal turns his head with a 
painful expression of countenance, loss of appe- 
tite, eyes suffused with tears, pulse accelerated, 
the extremities are alternately hot and cold, 
muz&le hot and dry, yellow r ness of the skin, 
more particularly round the eyes and inside the 
ears, constipation a more general feature, urine 
yellow or brown. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, 
three times a day, for five days — may be given if there is 
general fever. 

Chamomilla 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, three 
times a day — is useful if there is general yellowness of the 
skin, restlessness, lying down and quickly getting up. 



84 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

Bryonia 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, every two 
hours — is indicated for hurried breathing, tongue yellow or 
brown, the animal keeps mostly in a recumbent position, 
and it is with great difficulty that he can be made to move, 
constipation. 

Kali sulph. 3d trituration, one-half dram at dose; Mag- 
nicea phos. 3d trituration, one-half dram at dose, every three 
hours, alternately — if the disease has assumed a chronic 
form, and there is a general wasting away of flesh, weakness, 
and paroxysms of pain, yellow skin, thirst. 

Sulphur 2d trituration, one-half dram at dose, night and 
morning — may be given after any of the above medicines, 
especially if they have been beneficial but have not removed 
the entire symptoms. 



DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS, &C. 



RED OR BLACK WATER. 

This disease is very frequent among cows, 
and generally appears about a fortnight or three 
weeks after calving. It is caused by insufficient 
care, exposure to cold too soon after calving. 
I have always seen more cases when northeast- 
erly winds have prevailed, during the months 
of February and March. The symptoms are 
varied ; in some cases the urine is not darker 
colored than sherry, little or no alteration in 
the pulse, appetite good, bowels in their natu- 
ral state ; in other cases the urine becomes as 
high colored as brandy, or even quite black, 
thick and muddy ; total loss of appetite, pulse 
quick, full and bounding. At first the evacua- 
tions are loose and watery, followed in two or 
three days by the most obstinate constipation ; 
the animal stands drawn up, with the back 
arched, I have seldom observed any diminu- 



86 DISEASES 

tion in the quantity of urine, or that it is void- 
ed more frequently than when in the natural 
state. 

Treatment. — Ferrum phos. 3d trituration, one-half dram 
at dose, three times a day, for one week; will recover the 
animal from this disease in nine cases out of ten, without 
any further treatment. 

Camphor spts. 10 drops at dose, in 1 oz. of water, every 
hour — is indicated when the disease conies on suddenly, 
that is, when the symptoms all show themselves within a 
few hours; red, turbid urine, painful emissions. 

Nux Vomica 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, three 
times a day — when there is constipation, loss of appetite. 

Pulsatilla 1st, one-half dram at dose, every three hours — 
when the urine is voided in jets and continues for several 
minutes; clear, dark urine, with a thick sediment. 



CHROMIC RED WATER, 

Oxen are subject to this form of disease, 
particularly during the summer months, when 
turned out to graze on pastures. I think it is 
produced by eating some irritating plant, be- 
cause I am acquainted with several localities of 
pasture land where cattle are always attacked 
with this disease during the summer months. 
During the first stage of the disease but few 
symptoms are present ; the appetite remains 



OF CATTLE. 87 

good, rumination goes on as usual, and no devi- 
ation from health is observed, except the urine 
looking yellow or yellowish-brown. Perhaps 
this state continues for a week or ten days, 
when the appetite begins to fail, rumination is 
suspended, the animal is dull, heavy, inactive ; 
separates itself from its companions and lies 
coiled up ; there is loss of flesh, particularly at 
the flanks, the whole skin is of a dirty yellow 
color, the urine soon becomes dark brown or 
nearly black, and is emitted in a dribbling 
stream. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, 
three times a day — should be given when there are feverish 
symptoms. 

Bryonia 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, three times 
a day — when a small quantity of urine escapes as the animal 
moves about; diarrhcea. • 

Cantharis 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, three times 
a day — is indicated when there is violent straining, evidently 
attended with pain. 

Ipecacuanha 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, every 
three hours — is indicated for frequent scanty emissions of 
turbid, red, or brown urine, without much straining; 
diarrhoea. 

After the disease has continued for some time, there gen- 
erally comes on an obstinate constipation, which is some- 
times difficult to overcome. Nux Vomica 1st dilution, 1 
dram at dose, three times a day, for a few doses. Kali 



88 DISEASES 

sulph. 8d trituration, 1 dram at dose, three times a day, in 
a severe ease of constipation. 



ABORTION. 

This is of frequent occurrence among cows 
and sheep. In the former it generally takes 
place in certain districts, or on particular farms, 
and after one cow has aborted, others are apt to 
do the same. A cow that has aborted once, 
often does so about the same period in following 
years. Thus there is great inconvenience and 
loss, for not only is the calf lost, but there is 
also danger of actual barrenness. It generally 
occurs between the fifth and eighth months, and 
in over-fed cows rather than those that are 
moderately fed. 

Causes. — Injuries inflicted on the abdomen; 
violent exertion ; spoiled, fermented, frozen 
food ; impure water ; close confinement in a 
small, dark, or unhealthy stable ; impure air, 
whether in the house or in low, marshy lands; 
illness from some inflammatory disease; inter- 
course with the bull during gestation, and the 
smell arising from the cleansing of a cow that 
has recently slinked. In the latter case the cow 
aborts from sympathy. 



OP CATTLE. * 89 

Symptoms. — When miscarriage threatens, it 
is generally indicated by premonitory symptoms, 
such as restlessness, repugnance to food, anx- 
iety, and depression of spirits, sudden arrest of 
milk?, lowing or bleating, discharge of fetid 
mucus from the pudendum, collapse of the 
abdomen, and cessation of motion of the calf in 
the mother's belly. 

Treatment. — The old adage is good here — " an ounce of 
prevention is better than a pound of cure.'* Cimicifuga 1st 
dilution, one-half dram at dose, every three hours, for a few 
doses, and then a dose night and morning for ten days; and 
then a dose once a day or once in three days, up to the 
time of parturition, is the best remedy and safe-guard 
against aborting, for both cows and sheep (one-half the 
above dose for sheep, in sympathetic or epidemic character). 

Arnica tincture, 10 drops at dose, three times a day. If 
during gestation, an animal is known to receive an injury, 
it will be advisable at once to administer this remedy and 
repeat it as often as the nature of the case seems to require; 
if promptly given, it will often prevent miscarriage under 
such circumstances. 

Secale 2d dilution, one dram at dose, every hour. If the 
symptoms of abortion have actually set in, this remedy will 
facilitate labor. 

Ferrum phos. 3d trituration, 1 dram at dose — should be 
given as soon as the animal aborts, to prevent chills or fever. 
Alternate with Pulsatilla 1st dilution, 1 dram at dose, if the 
afterbirth does not come away in twenty-four hours; dose 
every two hours. 



90 * DISEASES 

FLOODING. 

After calying some blood is always lost, but 
if it be excessive it should be arrested. Hama- 
melis fld. ext. ; give only one dose, and one ounce 
at dose. 



FALL OF THE WOMB. 

Prompt action must be taken, and the womb 
carefully replaced. The cow should be so 
placed as to raise the hind legs more than the 
fore legs, the hand of the operator wrapped 
round with a soft cloth soaked with tepid milk, 
and the organ carefully and slowly reduced — 
as one would put right a glove-finger that has 
been turned inside out. If the womb be dry 
from exposure, cold, or soiled, it should be 
thoroughly and gently washed with tepid milk. 
In order to prevent any further protrusion, it 
will generally be necessary to make some prop- 
erly secured sutures through the pudenda. 

Treatment.— If the cows strain much, give Secale 1st 
dilution, 1 dram at dose, every hour, for three doses. 

Pulsatilla 1st, one-half dram at dose, and Sepia 3d trit., 
1 dram at dose, alternately, every one, two, or three hours, 
according to the severity of the case. The above remedies 



OF CATTLB. 91 

are specific if the fall of the womb has been caused by efforts 
to expel the placenta. 

Cimicifuga 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, once a 
day; given to a cow ten days prior to parturition, will obvi- 
ate milk fever, falling of the womb, retention of the pla- 
centa, <fcc. In fact, it is a remedy all stock men should 
keep on hand. 



GAEGET. 

Every one knows what the symptoms of garget 
are in a cow's bag. If the udder is a large one 
and there is a large supply of milk in early 
spring, or cold, damp and unpleasant weather, 
cows are more subject to this trouble. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, 1 dram at dose, at 
night; Ferrum phos. 3d trituration, 1 dram at dose, in the 
morning; given for a few doses after calving, the whole 
difficulty will be obviated. 

Phytolaca 1st dilution, and Aconite 1st dilution, 1 dram 
at dose, every two or three hours, alternately, when garget 
has made its appearance. Externally, apply cosmalien 
cerate to the udder. 



MILK FEVER — PUERPERAL FEVER — DROPPING 
AFTER CALVING. 

This frequent and fatal disease usually attacks 
the fattest and best cows, and has been unman- 
ageable in the hands of farmers and veterinary 



92 DISEASES 

surgeons of the old school, who have found their 
treatment most inefficient. 

Symptoms. — The cow is depressed, listless, 
restless, trembling ; refuses food or eats but 
little, but manifests great thirst ; the nose and 
horns are hot, the nose is also dry ; the pulse is 
full and rapid, the breathing accelerated, with 
heaving of the flanks ; the dung scanty, hard 
and lumpy, the urine scanty. More marked 
symptoms soon supervene : the eyes are bright, 
glistening, staring, streaked with red, or of a 
leaden color, the eyeballs extrude from the 
sockets ; the pulse is less rapid, the breathing- 
more difficult : the hind legs appear weak and 
unable to bear the weight of the body ; the 
cow seems uneasy, changes from resting on one 
leg to the other, then leans against the wall, 
wishes to lie down, but cannot do so in conse- 
quence of the swollen and painful condition of 
the belly and genitals ; does not ruminate ; 
neglects the calf ; ceases to give milk, the udder 
being hard and swollen. By degrees the weak- 
ness of the hind legs increases, the cow totters, 
sways about, falls, rises, falls again heavily, is 
unable to rise, and lies helpless. She manifests 



OF CATTLE. 93 

great distress in every way ; sometimes she re- 
mains quiet, with her head turned towards her 
side, or resting upon the ground ; the eyes ap- 
pear dim, glassy, fixed, wild, and have lost the 
power of seeing; in other cases the animal is 
restless, foams at the mouth; the paunch is 
distended with gas of undigested, fermenting 
food; the functions are all disturbed, and in 
the course of a few hours or a couple of days, 
the aggravated symptoms end in death. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, one-half dram at 
dose, every fifteen minutes, for four doses — and then once 
an hour thereafter, if improvement sets in after the first 
four doses. This is the first and chief remedy, especially in 
the first stages of the disease. 

Ferrum phos. 3d trituration, 1 dram at dose, every twenty 
minutes, dissolved in one oz. of warm water. If the ears, 
nose and extremities are cold and the cow is helpless, cover 
the cow up and keep warm until the animal perspires freely, 
and then follow with Kali Mur. 3d, 1 dram at dose, every 
three hours until cured. 

Secale 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, every twenty 
minutes — if the cow continues straining, after the calf is 
expelled. 

Veratrum Veride 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose, 
every half hour — if there is great restlessness, lashing of the 
tall, exhibiting much pain, pulse rapid, and moaning. 

Cimicifuga 2d dilution, one-half dram at dose, every 
hour, for six doses — after the acute symptoms have subsided, 
to complete a cure. 



94 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

Belladonna 2d, Nux Vomica 2d, equal parts, mixed; 1 
dram at dose to be given every six hours — if the bowels are 
constipated. 

Injection of lukewarm water; to 1 gallon add 2 oz. of 
spirits of turpentine; use freely until the bowels are relieved. 

Use the following as an injection in the womb: Glycerine, 
4 oz.; Carbolic acid cryst. 2 drams; warm water, one pint; 
mix. Make this application as soon as the cow has fallen; 
be sure that it has been well applied. 

A preventive is a sure way to save all cows from this 
fatal disease, and should be administered to all fat cows, 
one week or ten days before the time of parturition, and 
continued five days thereafter. Ferrum phos. 3d trituration ; 
Mocrotine 3d trituration; give 1 dram at dose, night and 
morning, alternately. 



DISEASES OF SHEEP. 



DISEASES OF SHEEP. 



CANKER — BLACK MOUTH 

Is generally confined to lambs and ewes, 
towards the latter end of summer. It consists 
of numerous small ulcers about the lips and 
nose, and sometimes extends oyer the greater 
part of the head. 

Treatment. — Nitric acid, internally and externally; ex- 
ternally in the form of a wash, consisting of thirty drops of 
the strong acid to an oz. of water, to be applied to the parts 
with a small brush, once a day; at the same time give four 
drops of the third dilution. 

Kali sulph. 3d, is a grand remedy to be given after the 
disease has been arrested by the former treatment ; give ten 
grains at dose, night "and morning, until cured. 



CATARRH. 

Sheep are occasionally attacked with this 
affection during the winter season, especially 
when folded upon bleak situations, during the 
prevalence of northeasterly winds. The symp- 



98 DISEASES 

toms are much the same as those exhibited by 
other animals; loss of appetite, general fever, 
dull, heavy appearance, discharge from the eyes 
and nose; these symptoms are generally accom- 
panied with a cough, and sometimes accelerated 
breathing. 

Treatment. — Aconite . 1st dilution, is the first remedy 
generally employed ; 10 drops at dose, every three hours, 
and in some cases every half hour, until the febrile symp- 
toms are overcome. 

Ferrum phos. 3d, 10 grains at dose — is an excellent rem- 
edy (in place of Aconite), when the animal does not 
discharge; repeat dose every hour. 

Kali Mur. 3d, 10 grains at dose — to complete a cure, 
when the disease has yielded to the above treatment; dose 
night and moraing. 



INFLAMMATION" OF THE LUNGS 

Is chiefly observed when it is cold and wet, 
during and after the shearing season. The first 
symptoms are generally those of catarrh, follow- 
ed by hurried breathing, heaving of the flanks; 
nostrils expanded, hot, and dry; pulse quick 
and weak; distressing cough; if the disease 
continues for several days, the wool easily comes 
off from different parts of the body; there is 



OF SHEEt\ 99 

generally great thirst, and the sheep frequently 
dips his muzzle into the vessel containing the 
water, but still only a small quantity is taken 
at a time, as drinking appears to cause pain. 
The sheep should be properly housed and 
nursed. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, 10 drops, every ten, 
fifteen, or twenty minutes, for several doses, until the nose 
becomes moist, and then a dose every hour or two, so long 
as there is improvement. Phosphorus 3d, Bryonia 3d, 10 
drops at dose, alternately, every three hours, when there 
is no longer improvement from Aconite. 

Tartarus Emeticus 3d trituration; dose, 10 grains every 
half hour, may be given when the breathing is wheezing, as 
if the air passages were filled with phlegm, dry, hollow 
cough, heat at the sides of the chest. 

Kali sulph. 3d, 10 grains at dose, night and morning, to 
complete a cure. 



CONSTIPATION 

Is a common occurrence in lambs, and is often 
acconrpanied with colicky pains; the little ani- 
mal lies down and kicks about, gets up and 
strains, and perhaps voids a small quantity of 
excrement. 

Treatment. — In the above cases give Nux Vomica 2d 
dilution, 10 drops at dose, which is generally all that is 



100 DISEASES 

necessary; sometimes Bryonia 3d, 10 drops at dose, wiii 
speedily give relief, especially when the constipation arises 
from cold; three or four doses night and morning. 



INDIGESTION. 

The causes of indigestion are changes of diet, 
overloading the stomach, too nutritious food, 
or food of bad quality; the usual symptoms are 
partial or total loss of appetite, suspension of 
rumination, distended, bloated appearance of 
the abdomen, the breathing is hurried, and at 
times accompanied with a grunting sound. 

, Treatment. — Arsenicum 3d, 10 drops at dose, may be 
given when the disease arises from food of bad quality; also 
when there is diarrhoea, loss of strength. 

Nux Vomica 2d, 10 drops at dose, is indicated if the diet 
is too nutritious, bloated appearance of the abdomen, con- 
stipation. If there are general febrile symptoms, give Acon- 
ite alternately with Nux Vomica; dose night and morning. 

Bryonia will be found useful when the disease arises from 
change of diet, and there is total loss of appetite. 



DIARRHOEA 



Is a disease to which sheep and lambs are very 
subject, especially during the spring and sum- 



0£ SHEEP. 101 

mer months, when the animals are turned into 
fresh pasture. Sudden changes in the atmos- 
phere will at times produce it. If the disease 
is allowed to continue too long, the evacuations 
become streaked with blood, and there is violent 
straining, the hinder limbs become paralyzed; 
if the disease arrives at this stage, it very often 
terminates fatally. 

Treatment. — Chamomilla 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, 
may be given for diarrhoea from cold; the evacuations are of 
a green color, distention of the* abdomen, colicky pains; 
repeat dose every fifteen or thirty minutes. 

Arsenicum 3d dilution, 10 drops at dose, every half hour, 
is indicated when the evacuations are dark, putrid, mixed 
with blood ; rapid loss of strength. 

Colocynth 2d dilution, 10 drops at dose, as above, is indi- 
cated when caused by fresh and luxuriant pasture; evacua- 
tions green and straining. 

Merc, corrosive sublimate, 5th trituration, 10 grains at 
dose, every three hours; is useful when there is violent 
straining, watery evacuations mixed with blood, or blood 
and mucus. 

Ipecacuanha 2d dilution, 10 drops at dose, every half 
hour; may be given if the evacuations are whitish and look 
like yeast, and smell very bad; straining. 

Pulsatilla 2d, and Arsenicum 3d dilutions, 10 drops at dose, 
are the best remedies for lambs; give dose night and morn- 
ing, alternately; at the same time give the mother a dose 
or two of sulphur 2d trituration, 10 grains in powder. 



102 DISEASES 



HOYEK OK BLOW^". 



This disease arises when the animal is allowed 
to eat too much green food that is fresh to it, 
such as turnips or young clover; when too large 
a quantity of such food is taken at once, the 
stomach is not able to act upon it in the usual 
manner, but it remains there, and a gas is gen- 
erated which distends the paunch, often to such 
a degree that if struck it sounds like a drum; 
the breathing is short and impeded, and if 
relief is not obtained the animal soon dies. 

Treatment. — Aqua Ammonia one-half oz. , water 1 pint, 
mix; give 1 tablespoonful every ten minutes until relieved; 
the same is applicable to horses, cattle and hogs. 



DROPSY. 

This disease proceeds very slowly, and is often 
a long time before it becomes developed. The 
first symptoms that are observed are a dull 
sluggish appearance of the animal. It becomes 
slow in its movements and tarries behind the 
flock. The eyes gradually become dull and 
turbid, the skin is puffy about the eyes, nose, 
and mouth, the wool falls off or is easily detach- 
ed from different parts of the body, the breath- 



OF SHEEP. 103 

ing becomes difficult and the animal more feeble 
and although other parts of the body waste 
away, the abdomen swells; the appetite dimin- 
ishes more and more, but there is generally 
great thirst; at last the animal gets so weak 
that he is unable to stand. When the disease 
gets to this stage, diarrhoea generally sets in 
and death soon takes place. 

Treatment. — Aromatic spts. of Ammonia 2 oz.; Fowler's 
solution 1 oz.; water, consistency of 1 pint; mix; give one- 
half oz. every three hours, for two days, and if improvement 
sets in, give dose only night and morning, for three or five 
days thereafter, at which time China tincture, 10 drops, 
should be given night and morning for ten days, to complete 
a cure. 



ABORTION. 

The causes of abortion are various and some 
of them as contrary as possible in their nature. 
It may arise from starvation, especially where a 
cold winter succeeds a wet summer and autumn. 
It is also produced from continued intercourse 
with the ram after the period of gestation is 
considerably advanced. It has often been known 
to follow the inconsiderate and hasty driving of 
sheep into the fold in the latter period of preg- 
nancy, or a leap over a ditch or a low gate has 



104 DISEASES 

been followed by abortion, and so has a sudden 
fright, where a dog addicted to worrying sheep 
has suddenly made his appearance in the flock. 
Salt has also been known to cause abortion. 
One favorable circumstance may be stated, that 
when abortion occurs, from whatever cause, 
it is rarely fatal to the ewe. 

Treatment. — Arnica 1st dilution, Pulsatilla 2d dilution, 
10 drops at dose, alternately, night- and morning, to those 
that have aborted, also to the flock if there is a tendency of 
others doing the some. 

Cimicifuga 3d dilution, 10 drops at dose, three times a 
day — may be given when the above remedy fails to prevent 
the abortion. 



DIFFICULT PAKTURITIOlSr. 

When the lamb is presented in a wrong posi- 
tion, or it is too large for the ewe to expel, and 
in all cases where it is necessary to use manual 
interference, use the following treatment: 

Tbeatment. — Give Arnica 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, 
every ten minutes for a few doses, and use the Arnica lotion 
externally (1 oz. to 1 pint of warm water). This plan of 
treatment will generally prevent symptoms that would other- 
wise arise and endanger the life of the animal; but some- 
times it will occur that a short time after lambing the ewe 
begins to strain violently; in such cases give Secale Cornu- 
tum 2d dilution, 10 drops every ten minutes, until these 



OF SHEEP. 105 

symptoms have ceased. I have cured a great number of 
cases with this medicine when the owners had lost all hope 
of the animal recovering. 



DISEASES OF THE UDDEK. 

Sheep during the lambing season are often 
seized with inflammation of one or both quarters 
of the udder, which become swollen, hard and 
tender. It may arise from the action of cold 
upon the udder, or when the lamb dies and 
there is not sufficient attention paid to the ewe 
until another lamb can be found to take the 
place of the dead one. 

Treatment. — Ferrum phos. 3d, 20 grains at dose; Aco- 
nite 2d, 20 drops at dose; alternately, every three hours. A 
few doses will soon overcome the acute inflammation. 

Chamomilla 2d, 20 drops at dose, three times a day — is 
indicated when there is not much inflammation and the skin 
of the udder feels loose, but a hard substance can be felt 
inside. 

Sometimes from neglect the udder passes into a state of 
suppuration ; when this is the case, Hepar sulphur 2d, 10 
grains at dose, every three hours, is the best remedy. At 
other times the udder turns dark and remains quite hard, 
like a stone; when such is the case give Silicea 3d, and Kali 
sulph. 3d, 10 grains of each at dose, every two hours, alter- 
nately, for a few doses, and then night and morning until 
well. 



106 DISEASES 

Let it be particularly borne in mind that in all diseaes of 
the udder, either the lamb must be made to suck, or the 
udder must be frequently stripped of its contents. 



FOOT EOT. 

Of this disease there are two forms, which 
should be distinguished from each other. Mild 
foot rot is a disease of the interdigital space., 
involving the pastern and fetlock joints when it 
is not early attended to. It is usually associated 
with Stomacace (ulceration of the mouth), a 
discharge of viscid saliva from the mouth. The 
interdigital space is sometimes the seat of inflam- 
mation, caused by the lodgement of sand, or 
gravel, fatigue, walking on hard roads in hot 
weather; and this inflammation often extends to 
the whole foot, which becomes hot and swollen. 
In the space inflamed, points become ulcerat- 
ed, and the ulceration spreads to the coronet 
and the cushion. The sheep is consequently 
unable to walk, but limps on three feet; or if 
both fore feet are affected he kneels, or creeps 
about for food. Meanwhile, he suffers from 
pain and fever. 

Malignant hoof rot involves the whole of the 



OF SHEEP. 107 

hoof. As the sheep is naturally adapted to dry 
hills and rocky mountains, when it is kept in 
soft, grassy, luxuriant meadows, the hoof be- 
comes softened. It then grows out of propor- 
tion, cracks, splits and becomes distorted ; 
foreign matters enter the crevices and irritate 
the tissues, the tissues become inflammed and 
disorganized, ulceration ensues, portions are 
detached, and the ligaments, cartilages, and 
bones become diseased. Flies aggravate the mis- 
chief by depositing their eggs which soon turn 
to maggots. 

Treatment. — As soon as the disease is observed, all 
foreign particles should be carefully removed, and the hoof 
fomented with tepid water, and any wounds dressed with 
Arnica and Calendula lotion (1 oz. of each, soft water 1 pint). 
A few applications will cure it, in the mild form of this 
disease. Matter, decayed horn, rough edges, should be 
cleared away, and, if necessary, incisions should be made to 
reach the bottom of the ulcers. These may be syringed out 
foi the removal of matter. Glycerine 1 pint, Calendula 
tinct. 4oz., Carbolic acid cryst. 1 oz.; mix. Apply to the 
ulcers freely; use cotton batting, a small quantity, in the 
bottom of the foot: bandage it on securely; repeat the treat- 
ment every other day until sound. Great care should be 
taken that no dirt or other irritating substance lodges in the 
wound, and that the bandages be continued until the hoof 
be sound. 



108 DISEASES 

For feverish symptoms, Ferrum phos. 3d trit. , 1 powder 
of 10 grains upon the tongue, or a little food, night and 
morning; during suppuration Hepar sulph. 3d, 1 powder of 
10 grains, three times a day for three days, then give Thuja 
2d dilution, 20 drops night and morning, for ten days, to 
complete a cure. 

The same treatment is applicable to foot rot. in cattle, 
also horses. 

Mercurius Vivus 2d, Kali bich. 2d triturations, 1 oz. of 
each, mixed, divided up into sixty powders, and give one 
three times a day; is indicated when white vesicles appear on 
the palate and gums, which burst and leave behind superfi- 
cial ulceration. Viscid saliva drips from the mouth, and 
this symptom is perhaps the first to excite attention. After 
three or four days' treatment, give Kali sulph. 3d, 20 grains 
in powder, once a day for ten days, to complete a cure. 



PALE DISEASE. 

This disease consists in the presence of worms 
in the air passages of lambs. These produce 
great irritation and violent coughing. The in- 
terruption thus resulting to the aeration of the 
blood in the lungs, causes a general disturbance 
of the system. The appetite fails, the condi- 
tion rapidly falls off, and anaema, "pale dis- 
ease," or the bloodless condition takes place, 
beneath which the lambs rapidly sink. How 
the worms, in such large numbers, find their 
way into the air passages of so young animals, 



OF SHEEP. 109 

is a query which as yet cannot be satisfactorily 
solved. They are there, however, and that fact 
must be sufficient for the shepherd. These 
worms are a species of strongylus or thread 
worm, closely akin to the fatal gap-worm (also 
a strongylus) which destroys so many young 
chickens. It is the same species which inhabits 
the lungs and bronchial tubes of the sheep. 
The lambs being less robust are carried off with 
greater ease by these attacks than the fullgrown 
sheep. Prevention is the best remedy. Lambs 
should not be allowed to follow sheep upon the 
same pasture, nor to pasture upon meadows that 
have been top-dressed with manure from sheep 
stable or yards. No medicine can reach the 
lungs, except through the blood, and but few 
affect them in this way. Sulphur, turpentine, 
.and asafcetida are in part exhaled through the 
lungs, and these medicines alone can be depend- 
ed upon to reach the parasites. 

Treatment. — The treatment recommended, therefore, is 
to administer the following : Linseed oil, one-half ounce ; 
spirits turpentine, one-half dram ; asafoetida, 20 grains; mix. 
To be given early in the morning, for three successive days, 
before feeding or turning to pasture, and no feed to be given 
for three hours afterwards. 



110 DISEASES OF SHEEP. 

At night the following remedy must be given, after the 
above has been given in the morning, for three successive 
days : Aqua ammonia, 2 drams ; water, 1 pint ; mix. Give 
one-half ounce at dose. 

On the fourth day the following to be given daily : 
Molasses or honey, 1 pound ; flowers of sulphur, 4 ouDces ; 
mix. Give one tablespoonful every morning for ten days. 
The food should be of the most nutritious and digestible char- 
acter, and if the appetite fails, the food — until the appetite 
returns— should be given by means of a horn, in the shape of 
gruel, or infusion of oatmeal, linseed, or cornmeal, sweet- 
ened with sugar. — [Shepherd's Manual. 



DISEASES OF THE DOG. 



DISEASES OF THE DOG. 



DISTEMPEK. 

A contagious disease of which all dogs appear 
to carry the seeds in their system, accompanied 
with fever and derangement of most of the in- 
ternal organs, and frequently ending in cholera, 
paralysis, inflammation of the lungs, etc. It is 
most common in pups during the concluding 
period of dentition, and in the spring and 
autumn, particularly the latter, but at no age 
or at no season is a dog exempt from its attack. 
The younger the dog, the better is the chance 
of recovery. Superior breeds suffer most. 

Causes. — Contact with dogs having the dis- 
ease, too much meat while young, cold. As 
the disease is latent in the system, a great varie- 
ty of circumstances may cause it to develop 
itself. Dogs that are confined are more sus- 
ceptible than those that are free to roam; those 
that are fed upon flesh suffer more than those 
that never taste it. 



114 DISEASES OF THE DOG. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose every 
two hours, should be given for a few doses, to relieve the 
fever; after which, Nux Vomica 2d dilution. 10 drops at 
dose, alternately with Aconite, every six or twelve hours — if 
there is constipation and sneezing, with cough, loss of appe- 
tite and vomiting. In the acute stage, these remedies often 
cure the animal in four or five days. 

Belladonna 2d dilution, 10 drops at dose, every three 
hours, when the eyes are sensitive to light, inflamed and 
watery, the nose dry, the dog wants to hide, tries to escape 
from observation, suddenly starts as from sleep ; chorea. 

Arsenicum 3d trituration, one powder of 10 grs. every 
two hours — if there is weakness and wasted condition ; 
almost total loss of appetite ; thick, offensive or bloody dis- 
charge from the nose ; diarrhoea. 

Mercurius Vivus 3d trituration, one powder of 10 grs. 
every two hours, alternately with Kali Bich. 3d, one powder 
of 10 grs. every two hours, when the eyes are inflamed, 
eyelids glued together ; saliva hanging about the mouth ; 
greenish discharge from the nose, gluey, sometimes bloody ; 
frequent sneezing ; cough, with vomiting of froth streaked 
with blood. All the above medicines should be administered 
upon the tongue. 

Sulphur, a very small dose should be given after the dis- 
ease appears to be cured, once every three days for five 
doses. 



DISEASES OF THE SKIN. 



EXZEMA — SURFEIT — BLOTCH. 

A non-contagious, vasicular disease of the 
skin,, not occasioned by the presence of para- 
sites, but dependent on constitutional predis- 
position. .It is sometimes termed mange, but 
is distinguished from that disease by the absence 
of aeari. Foul mange is an aggravated form of 
exzema. 

Causes. — Hereditary constitution, insufficient, 
exercise, gross diet, food too spare, or too full 
in quantity, or unwholesome in quality, close 
kennel, dirty bedding, too hard or too luxurious 
a bed, etc. Flesh food will produce it, so also 
will sleeping on barley straw. 

Symptoms. — The disease begins with irrita- 
tion of the skin, which causes the .dog to be 
continually scratching ; from inflamed patches 
a serous fluid exudes which mats the hair and 
forms scabs ; these fall off together, leaving the 



116 DISEASES 

skin bare, inflamed, red and discharging a thin, 
watery fluid. This fluid dries in thin scales, 
which causes considerable irritation. The scabs 
and scales are scratched and rubbed by the dog, 
and are thus aggravated till pustular and vesic- 
ular eruptions give the appearance of general 
ulceration. The patches usually occur on the 
back, the inside of the thighs and the scrotum. 

Treatment. — Ferrum phos. 3d trituration, one powder of 
10 grains every two hours, for feverishness. 

Rhus 2d dilution, 10 drops at dose every three hours — for 
redness of skin, blotches, eruption of small yellowish vesi- 
cles which run into each other, cracked skin. 

Mercurius Vivus 3d, 10 grs. in powder at dose, three times 
a day — eruptions at first vesicular, then pustular ; or some- 
times dry, sometimes moist. 

Arsenicum 3d, 10 grs. in powder at dose, every three 
hours — burning heat, great itching, scaly eruptions, pustules 
which become ulcers ; advanced cases attended by emacia- 
tion, diarrhoea, debility and distended abdomen. 



MANGE — SCABIES. 

The term mange is employed to designate 
several exzematous diseases. True mange, how- 
ever, is due to the presence of an Acarus {Sar- 
coptes cants). It is not often met with, but it 
is well known by the same symptoms as attend 



OF THE DOG. 117 

the similar affection in the horse. This A car us 
is transmissible to man, but it disappears in 
three or four weeks. 

Symptoms. — The skin is partly denuded of 
hair, but never entirely so, is dry, scaly and 
corrugated ; the parts of the body most fre- 
quently affected being the back, neck, ears and 
eyes. These symptoms are produced by the 
burrowing of the Acarus in the epidermis. 
Irritation is thus excited, and the animal rubs 
and scratches the affected parts. Thereupon, 
and in consequence of the rubbing and scratch- 
ing — rather than the irritation of the Acarus — 
red spots like flea bites, and papules or vesicles, 
or both, appear. These burst, and yellowish 
crust and brownish scales are formed. The so- 
called varieties of Mange — red, dry and moist — 
are differences in the eruption. In five or six 
weeks the disease may cover the whole body. 
During the ordinary prevalence of the disease, 
the animal is dejected, though he may be lively 
when excited ; but when there is nothing to 
divert his attention, he is constantly scratching 
and rubbing himself. His appetite continues 
good but his thirst is excessive, and the temper- 



118 DISEASES OF THE DOG. 

ature of the body is feverish. In bad or neg- 
lected cases, the symptoms are greatly aggra- 
vated, the belly is bloated, and the dog becomes 
poor, emaciated, weak and incurably diseased. 

Treatment. — Gasoline oil, 8oz.: Carbolic acid cry St., 2 
drams ; mix. Sponge the dog with this remedy carefully 
(out doors, at mid-day), once every three days for two or 
three applications. Arsenicum 3d, Kali sulph. 3d ; give 10 
grs. at dose, alternately, once a da}\ 

Clean bedding should be furnished, and disinfectants 
used to purify the animal's apartment. 



WORMS. 

The presence of worms in the intestines is so 
common that it is an exception to find a dog 
without some ; they are the cause of great an- 
noyance, especially to young dogs. The tape 
worm of which there are five varieties (Taeniae), 
is of great length formed in segments, each of 
which is flat and easily separated from the oth- 
ers ; inhabits the small intestines, and is some- 
times passed with the faeces, sometimes vomited. 

Treatment. — Santonine 2d, 10 grs. three times a day — is 
a good remedy for the round worm. Turpentine, one-half 
dram ; linseed oil, 1 oz. ; mix. Given at one dose, will often 
remove all the worms in twenty-four hours. After which, 
Arsenicum 3d, a powder of 10 grs., should be given once a 
day until the dog returns to his normal condition. 



DISEASES OF SWIHE. 



DISEASES OF SWINE. 



ANGINA. 

This is a dagerous disease, and very often 
ends in death. The following are the symp- 
toms : The animal suddenly appears to be 
dejected and restless ; it totters, hangs down 
the head, and frequently shakes it, kicks with 
its hind feet, and trembles over its entire body ; 
the breathing is loud, wheezing and difficult ; 
the animal takes in the air by the mouth, and 
holds the tongue hanging out of the mouth. 
There is great heat, especially in the mouth. 
The eyes are red, the tongue a little swollen ; 
deglutition is performed with difficulty ; some- 
times vomiting is observed to take place. While 
these symptoms are becoming developed^ there 
is observed to come on the larynx a hard, tense 
and hot swelling, which makes rapid progress, 
and extends along the neck as far as the chest, 
even to the abdomen. This swelling, which is 
at first red, or of a reddish brown color, assumes 
a leaden or even a blueish tint on the approach 



122 DISEASES 

of death, as in St. Anthony's Fire, to which the 
symptoms of Angina bear some analogy and 
which frequently causes the two diseases to be 
confounded. The interior of the mouth and 
nose also appear to be very red, the animal pro- 
trudes the head directly forward, the voice 
becomes more and more hoarse, deglutition 
more and more difficult ; generally the above 
symptoms are accompanied with a distressing 
cough and great thirst. The disease generally 
attacks a number of pigs about the same time, 
and during the summer season. 

Treatment. — Aqua ammonia, one-half oz. ; water, one 
pint ; mix. Give one-half oz. at dose every hour, upon the 
tongue, in the acute stage. 

Fowler's solution, 2 oz.; water, 1 pint ; mix. Give one- 
half oz. at dose, every hour, when there is great thirst, eyes 
red, and the whole body of a burning heat- 
Belladonna 2d, Hepar sulph. 2d triturations ; one-half 
dram at dose every hour, alternately, when the swelling con- 
tinues to increase, and is of a dark color; coughing, retching. 
Spongia 3d dilution, 1 oz.; water, 1 pint ; mix. Give one 
teaspoonful every fifteen minutes, if the breathing is difficult 
and there is danger of suffocation. 



CATARRH. 

Or sniffles, as it is generally designated, con- 
sists of a discharge from one or both nostrils, at 



OF swine. 123 

first watery, but after a short time it becomes 
thick and bloody ; obstruction of the nostrils, 
wheezing, difficult breathing, cough, loss of 
appetite. 

Treatment. — Nux Vomica 2d trituration, and Mercurms 
Vivus 2d trituration; one-half dram at dose, alternately, 
night and morning, will soon overcome the difficulty. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS. 

Is caused by sudden changes of the atmos- 
phere, from the animal being kept too closely 
confined in badly ventilated buildings. It is 
also produced by the vapors arising from a 
large quantity of filth being allowed to accumu- 
late near the animal. 

The symptoms are, short, panting breathing, 
heaving of the flanks, short cough, loss of appe- 
tite ; generally there is great thirst, the animal 
seldom lies down, but frequently goes down 
upon the knees, and rests the breast upon the 
ground. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, one-half dram at dose 
every hour for six doses, and then give Phosphorus 3d alter- 
nately with Bryonia 3d, one-half dram at dose, every two, 
three or six hours, according to the severity of the symptoms 



124 DISEASES 

— to be given after the acute symptoms have been overcome. 
A dose should be given night and morning, for a few days ; 
and last of all, a small dose of Sulphur. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE STOMACH. 

This disease is caused by food of bad quality? 

or by the animal eating too large a quantity ; 

the animal exhibits extreme agitation, it chews 

and grunts incessantly, and strives to conceal 

itself ; it becomes convulsed at the mouth, from 

which froth sometimes flows. Generally there 

exists a disposition to vomit, and sometimes 

even actual vomiting. In certain cases the 

entire body is gradually struck with paralysis. 

Treatment. — Aqua ammonia, 5 drops in an oz. of warm 
water, at dose, every ten minutes ; alternate with Chamo- 
milla tincture, 5 drops in an ounce of warm water at dose. If 
vomiting actually takes place, give Ipecacuanha, 3 drops cf 
the tincture in an ounce of warm water ; dose every ten 
minutes until relieved. 



DIARKHCEA. 

It prevails mostly during the summer season, 
when the animal roams about the pastures and 
eats a large quantity of green food ; sometimes 
swine that are fattening are suddenly seized 
with this disease. 



Otf SWIH3. 125 

Treatment. — Colocynth 2d dilution, 10 drops at dose, 
every three hours — may be given when the disease is pro- 
duced by eating green food. 

Pulsatilla, is indicated when the animal is fattening and 
has eaten a large quantity of rich food ; 10 drops of 2d dilu- 
tion, three times a day. 

Mercurius corrosive 5th trituration, 10 grs. at dose — may 
be given when the animal appears to be in pain, and there is 
violent straining, bearing down, discharging blood and 
mucus. 

Chamomilla 2d dilution, 10 drops at dose — is effectual in 
checking diarrhoea in sucking pigs. Give the sow one dose 
of Sulphur. 



DISEASE OF THE UDDER. 

Sows just after pigging are attacked some- 
times with inflammation of the udder, which 
becomes hot, hard, swollen and very tender ; 
there is generally loss of appetite, and the ani- 
mal is very restless ; sometimes the whole udder 
is of a bright red color, at other times it is only 
streaked with red. 

Treatment. — Aconite 1st dilution, 10 drops at dose, 
every three hours for several doses, and then alternate Bella- 
donna 2d, 10 drops at dose, with Aconite ; will be all that is 
required if attended to in season ; if it becomes caked or 
gargety, follow the treatment for cows. 



126 DISEASES 

ST. ANTHONY'S FIRE. 

This disease is extremely faint. It often goes 
on with such rapidity that the animal falls dead 
without haying exhibited any of the symptoms 
of the disease, and is found dead in the sty, 
when the evening before it was left in perfect 
health. More usually it is preceded by symp- 
toms which last from twelve to twenty-four 
hours. The pig becomes restless and scrapes 
litter together in heaps, the breathing is diffi- 
cult, and the animal apj)ears dejected ; it holds 
the head down, and grinds the teeth ; there 
appear on the ears, neck, chest and belly, red 
streaks, which gradually become blue or black, 
though in many cases only after death. 

In those animals where the disease does not 
prove fatal rapidly, there is often observed 
great weakness of the muscular system. The 
animal staggers as it walks, or it remains lying 
down, stretched out, almost motionless ; it 
often vomits what it has eaten, and sometimes 
yellow lumps also ; upon the skin, along the 
belly and the hind legs, there appears an erup- 
tion, at first reddish, soon becoming black. 



OF SWIKE. 127 

Treatment. — Fowler's solution, 5 drops at dose ; fluid 
extract of Belladonna, 3 drops at dose ; given in a little 
water, every twenty minutes, alternately, for a few doses ; 
and then once an hour, or three hours, according to the symp- 
toms of improvement. I have had opportunity of treating 
several cases successfully, with these two medicines. 



HOG CHOLERA. 

Thousands of hogs are destroyed every year 
frora this disease. The symptoms are familiar 
to all in the localities where they suffer from its 
ravages. Its character is of the typhus fever 
type — an inflammation of the stomach and 
bowels. 

Causes are numerous : feeding in filth, drink- 
ing stagnated water, the principal food being- 
corn not properly cured and immature ; mias- 
matic, etc. 

Treatment. — I have been informed that lye made from 
wood ashes, a weak solution, has saved more hogs than any 
other remedy ; give in the water to drink, night and morn- 
ing. 

Aqua ammonia, 1 oz. to 1 bucket of water, for 10 hogs to 
drink, three times a day — will prevent the severity of the 
disease, and when the animal shows signs of improvement, 
give Fowler's solution, one-half oz. to one bucket of water, 
for drink as above. 
If diarrhoea sets in, Mercurius corrosive sub, 5th tritura- 



128 DISEASES OF SWINE. 

tion, 20 grs. at dose, every three hours — will soon check the 
disease, and then a dose night and morning for a few days 
will cure the animal. 

Mr. S. H. Todd, the well known breeder of Chester 
Whites, has had dearly bought experience with the swine 
plague. He lost 66 head of his breediug stock before the 
disease was checked. He tried everything that was recom- 
mended, without effect, and finally hit upon the following 
remedy himself : Sulphur, 2 pounds ; Spanish brown, 3 
pounds ; mix. Give a pound and a half to each hog, in 
doses of half a teacupful every two hours. In severe cases 
double the dose. After discovering this remedy, he cured 
ten cases without losing one. Its effects, he states, are 
immediate and permanent. 



WORM IN THE KIDNEY. 

This disease, known as the kidney worm, 
affects hogs very suddenly. The first indica- 
tion is lameness of one hind leg, and sometimes 
both ; soon becomes helpless, rarely ever exhib- 
its much pain. 

Treatment. — Spirits of turpentine, 1 oz.; linseed oil, 5 
oz.; mix. Give one-half ounce at dose, three times a day 
for two da\s. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



Introduction, 


. 




_ 




5 


Treatment of sick animal 


3 > - 


. 


- 


6 


How to administer medic 


ine, 






6 






HORSES. 






Abscess, 


- 


16 


Mange, 




9 


Abortion, 


- 


47 


Mai lenders and sallenders 


10 


Bone in jury s 


- 


21 


Megrims, 




24 


Bronchitis, 


' - 


50 


Nail in foot, 


- 


21 


Catarrh, or colr> 


L, - 


27 


Nasal gleet, - 




49 


Colic or gripes, 


- 


37 


Ophthalmia, acute 


- 


23 


Corns, 


- 


61 


Parturition, difficult 




47 


Contraction, 


- 


62 


Paralysis, 


52 


56 


Distemper, - 


- 28 


36 


Pneumonia, 


30 


, 35 


Diarrhoea, 


39 


41 


Poll-evil, 




16 


Farcy, 


- 


11 


Quarter-cracks, - 


- 


61 


Fistula, - 


- 


16 


Rheumatism, 




15 


Founder, 


- 


14 


Roaring — whistling, 


56 


58 


Grease, - 


- 


12 


Shoeing, 


59 


61 


Hide-bound, 


- 


17 


Skin diseases, - 


- 


9 


Hoof-bound, 


-• 


62 


Sore Throat, 




28 


Indigestion, - 


- 17 


,39 


Strains, - 


- 


21 


Inflammation of brain. 


25 


Strangles, 




36 


" 


bowels, 


41 


Thrush, - 


- 


18 


u 


kidneys. 


45 


Urine, retention of - 




46 


Influenza, 


- 


35 


Warts, 


- 


13 


Jaundice, 


- 


44 


Wounds, 




20 


Lameness, - 


- 


51 


|" Worms, - 


- 


43 



CX XX 



TABLE OF CONTEXTS. 



Abortion, 


_ 


VAX 

88 ' 


Milk, diminution of 


67 


Appetite, loss 


of 


81 


bloody 


63 


Catarrh, 


- 


72 


fever 


91 


Colic, 


- 


79 


Ophthalmia, 


69 


Diarrhoea, - 


- 


79 


Pleuro-pneumonia, 73, 77 


Dropping after calving, 


91 


Red or black water, 


85 


Fall of womb, 


- 


90 


chronic 86 


Flooding, 


- 


91 


Rheumatisn, 


65 


Garget, 


- 


91 


Skin disease, 


65 


Indigestion, acute 


78 


Swelling of head, - 


70 


tnll animation 


of brain, 


70 


Teats, sore 


68 




" bowels, 


81 


Udder, disease of - 


67 




" liver, 


83 

SHE 


Warts, - 

EP. 


69 


Abortion, , 


- 


103 


Foot-rot, 


106 


Black mouth, 




97 


II oven or blown, - 


102 


Canker, 


- 


97 


Inflammation of lungs, 


98 


Catarrh, 


- 


97 


Indigestion, 


100 


Constipation, 


- 


99 


Pale disease, - 


108 


Diarrhoea, 


- 


100 


Parturition, 


104 


Dropsy, 


- 


102 

DO 


. Udder, - 

GS. 


105 


Blotch, 


- 


115 


Scabies, 


116 


Distemper, 


: 


113 


Surfeit, - 


115 


Exzema, 


- 


115 


Worms, 


118 


Mange, - 


• 


116 

SW 


tNE. 




Angina, 


~ 


121; 


[ Inflammat'n of stomach 


124 


Catarrh, 


,. 


122 


St. Anthony's Fire, 


126 


Cholera, 


- 


127 


Udder, disease of 


125 


Diarrhoea, 


- 


124 


Worm in kidney, - 


128 


Inflammation of lungs, 


123 







L. H. WITTE, 

CLEVELAND 

HOMOEOPATHIC PHARMACY. 

350 SUPERIOR STREET, 

City Hall Block, - Cleveland, Ohio. 



Any of the Medicines Eecommended in this book will b8 
Correectly Furnished at a Low Price by 

L. H. WITTE, 

3£50 Superior Street, - Cleveland^ Ohio, 



Any of the triturations (powders) will be sent 
securely packed, free, by mail, upon receipt of 
twenty-five cents for each ounce. 

The various liquids (dilutions and tinctures) 
will be sent by express, at twenty-five cents per 
ounce. 

In ordering, state the page, and what intend- 
ed for, so that any mistakes in copying may be 
corrected. 



OUR FARMERS' 

ACCOUNT BOOK ! 



FOURTH EDITION. 

OVER 4,000 COPIES SOLD, 

AND PLEASING EVERY ONE WHO BUYS IT. 

Every successful farmer should keep a system of accounts as a 
matter of profit, convenience, and of record as well. In view of this 
we have, after an extensive investigation of the subject, and an end- 
less amount of labor, compiled and published, especially for the use of 
Farmers 

"Our Farmers' Account Book/' 

which is an entirely new system of keeping accounts, especially adapt- 
ed to the use of Farmers, Stockmen, Dairymen, etc. This work con- 
tains over Two Hundred Pages, well bound, and executed in first- 
class style every way. It lias properly ruled pages, with printed head- 
ings, for Plan of Farm, Purchasing Accounts, Sales Accounts, 
Individual Accounts. Consignments and Accounts Sales, Labor- 
ers' Accounts, Cash Received and Cash Paid Out Accounts, 
Notes Receivable and Notes Payable Accounts, and Six 
Pages of valuable ^information to the farmer, such as rules 'for 
the many calculations needed, in short and practical forms. This 
work is arranged so as to avoid any unnecessary complications, and is 
within the easy comprehension of any farmer, who can with it com- 
mence at once to keep a complete system of farm accounts without 
any previous knowledge of bookkeeping. It is large enough to last 
any ordinary farmer 

Fully Three Years, 

and will be sent by mail, postage paid, to any address, for 

ONLY ONE DOLLAR. 

"Our Farmers' Account Book" is the best and cheapest work 
OL]the kind ever published, and cannot fail to give unqualified satisfac- 
tion to all who get it. Address, 

THE OHIO FARMER, 

CLEVELAND, O. 
CXXXII 



